Cell parts

Question 1

Nucleolus

Answer 1

enter for ribosome synthesis and assembly of rRNA. Inside the nucleus.

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

Controls Gene Expression. Double stranded helix

Question 3

RNA

Answer 3

Single stranded genetic material inside nucleus, translated by ribosomes into various proteins

Question 4

chromatin

Answer 4

package DNA to fit in nucleus, looks like beads on a string

Question 5

chromosome

Answer 5

thread like structures located in the nucleus, carry genomic information from cell to cell

Question 6

ribosome

Answer 6

Responsible for protein synthesis

Question 7

Rough ER

Answer 7

Studded with Ribosomes, plays a central role in the synthesis of proteins

Question 8

Smooth ER

Answer 8

Synthesizes and stores lipids and steroids

Question 9

Golgi body

Answer 9

Processes and packages molecules

Question 10

Golgi Vesicle/ vacuoles

Answer 10

Contains and transports substances in and out of the cell

Question 11

Cilium

Answer 11

Hair like projections that wave back and forth to propel organism and draw food towards organism.

Question 12

Peroxisome

Answer 12

Metabolic reactions and breaks down certain substances in liver and kidney

Question 13

Centriole

Answer 13

Direct the formation of spindle fibers

Question 14

Lysosome

Answer 14

Contain digestive enzymes that help digest food, break down old organelles, and destroy viruses

Question 15

Cell membrane

Answer 15

Phospholipid bilayer that contains a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

Question 16

Mitochondria

Answer 16

“power house” of the cell. Creates ATP

Question 16

Cytoplasm

Answer 16

Area between cell membrane that contains cytosol

Question 17

Flagellum

Answer 17

Used to propel organism forward

Question 18

Cytoskeleton

Answer 18

Gives cell its shape

Question 19

How many chromosomes are at the end result of Mitosis?

Answer 19

46

Question 20

How many chromosomes are at the end result of Meiosis?

Answer 20

23

Question 21

How many chromosomes are at the end result of interphase?

Answer 21

92

Question 22

Which process is the division of somatic cells?

Answer 22

Mitosis

Question 23

Which process is the division of gametes?

Answer 23

Meiosis

Question 24

Prophase

Answer 24

First stage other aside from interphase Chromosomes cluster together and nucleolus begins to disappear

Question 25

Metaphase

Answer 25

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 26

Anaphase

Answer 26

Chromosomes are pulled apart by spindle fibers from centrioles

Question 27

Telophase

Answer 27

Two new nuclei begin to form around chromosomes

Question 28

Cytokinesis

Answer 28

Cell is split into two new cells

Question 29

Where does cytoplasm, organelles, etc exist?

Answer 29

intracellularly

Question 30

Where does blood, and synovial fluid exist?

Answer 30

Extracellularly

Question 31

Interacts with water, Is the outside of the cell membrane bilayer

Answer 31

Hydrophilic Phosphoric head

Question 32

Does not interact with water. Lipid tails on the insides of the cell membrane bilayer

Answer 32

Hydrophobic Fatty Acid Tail

Question 33

Found within the membrane. Helps transport molecules through the membrane

Answer 33

Integral protein

Question 34

Found on the outside of the membrane. Helps maintain structure

Answer 34

Peripheral protein

Question 35

Sugar chains that attach to proteins that help identify cells for permeability

Answer 35

Carbohydrate

Question 36

Lipid structures found in between the lipid tails to help with membrane structure and prevent cell membrane for folding in on itself.

Answer 36

Cholesterol

Question 37

Water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This means it moves down the concentration gradient.

Answer 37

Passive transport

Question 38

More water in solution than in cell, what will cell look like and why?

Answer 38

Shriveled cell, water travels to where there is less of it

Question 39

hypotonic solution, what shape will cell be and why?

Answer 39

the solution has less solute than the cell placed in the solution

Question 40

Molecules travel through a membrane and the liquid portion is filtered through with the help of hydrostatic pressure or gravity.

Answer 40

Filtration

Question 41

Smaller molecules are filtered through a membrane and larger molecules (toxic) are left behind. The solution with the smaller molecules is cleaned and returned to the body. Used for the kidneys.

Answer 41

Dialysis

Question 42

Movement from high to low Concentration or down the Concentration gradient through a semipermeable membrane.

Answer 42

Osmosis

Question 43

Movement for molecules from high to low concentration until it is evenly distributed in the solution.

Answer 43

Diffusion

Question 44

A protein channel used to help bring a molecule through from high to low concentration

Answer 44

Facilitate Diffusion

Question 45

What two components of the cell membrane help identify what goes through the membrane or in other words, allow the cell to selectively permeate?

Answer 45

Carbohydrates and integral proteins

Question 46

Takes molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration

Answer 46

Active transport