Nervous system special senses

Question 1

conjunctiva

Answer 1

thin, transparent membrane lining outer cornea and eyelid. Secretes mucus to lubricate eyeball.

Question 2

Lacrimal apparatus

Answer 2

consists of lacrimal gland, sac, and nasolacrimal ducts. lacrimal gland produces tears, which is collected by lacrimal canals. Nasolacrimal ducts receive tears which then move into nasal cavity.

Question 3

Extrinsic Muscles

Answer 3

skeletal muscles located on the outside of eye, responsible for the eyes movements.

Question 4

fibrous tunic

Answer 4

thick outer layer made of cornea and sclera

Question 5

sclera

Answer 5

white of the eye, protection to inner eye, many blood vessels

Question 6

cornea

Answer 6

anterior clear portion of eye, allows light in

Question 7

vascular tunic

Answer 7

middle: blood vessels, and many structures

Question 8

choroid

Answer 8

thin membrane containing melanin that absorbs light

Question 9

ciliary body

Answer 9

thickest part of vascular tunic. Controls thickness of lens to adjust to distance.

Question 10

Iris and pupil

Answer 10

Colored portion of eye, controls size of pupil which regulate amount of light entering eye

Question 11

lens

Answer 11

behind iris and pupil. held by suspensory ligaments to control distant vs near vision.

Question 12

nervous tunic

Answer 12

the most inner, nervous layer

Question 13

retina

Answer 13

thin layer of neurons. transmits nerve impulses to optic nerve, thalamus, and then temporal lobe of brain.

Question 14

rods

Answer 14

photo receptor in retina. elongated, cylindrical dendrite, sensitive to low levels of light. Assist in dim light, black and white vision.

Question 15

cone

Answer 15

photoreceptor in retina. contains dendrites shaped like cones. Require bright light, sensitive to color. Focus objects and provide detailed vision.

Question 16

Outer ear

Answer 16

responsible for directing sound waves to middle ear and tympanic membrane

Question 17

Auricle

Answer 17

elastic cartilage structure that directs sound waves to auditory canal.

Question 18

Auditory canal

Answer 18

extends into temporal bone. Lined with hair and wax glands to protect middle ear.

Question 19

middle ear

Answer 19

air filled space within temporal bone. connected to pharynx by eustachian tube to equalize pressure.

Question 20

tympanic cavity

Answer 20

space that contains three auditory ossicles. lined with epithelial tissue and communicates with auditory tube.

Question 21

tympanic membrane

Answer 21

aka eardrum. vibrates in response to sound waves, then transmitted into the three bones.

Question 22

auditory (eustachian) tube

Answer 22

extends from tympanic cavity into pharynx. equalizes pressure.

Question 23

Auditory ossicles

Answer 23

smallest bones in body includes malleus, incus, and stapes. part of the process to hearing.

Question 24

Inner ear

Answer 24

fluid- filled passageways

Question 25

Bony labyrinth

Answer 25

canals within temporal bone. contains perilymph for sound waves. surrounds and protects membranous labyrinth. divided into the vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea.

Question 26

Membranous labyrinth

Answer 26

located within bony labyrinth. collection of tubes. filled with endolymph and contains receptors for hearing.

Question 27

vestibule

Answer 27

chamber between cochlea and semicircular canals. helps maintain static equilibrium or balancing body when not in motion

Question 28

semicircular canals

Answer 28

three fluid filled loops. Helps body maintain dynamic equilibrium.

Question 29

cochlea and organ of corti

Answer 29

fluid filled chambers. when oval window vibrates, it carries into fluid filled chambers.