Cell parts (try 2)

Question 1

Not all cells within an _____ are like.

Answer 1

organism

Question 2

Even cells within the same organism show great _____ in size, shape and internal organization (ie. Never, skin, cheek, rbc’s, muscle)

Answer 2

diversity

Question 3

Cell

Answer 3

the smallest unit of life that can carry on all the functions of life.

Question 4

the smallest unit of life that can carry on all the functions of life.

Answer 4

cell

Question 5

Unicellular organism

Answer 5

A complete living thing costing of only one cell.

Question 6

A complete living thing costing of only one cell.

Answer 6

Unicellular organism

Question 7

Multicellular organism

Answer 7

A living thing consisting of more than one cell.

Question 8

A living thing consisting of more than one cell.

Answer 8

Multicellular organism

Question 9

Prokaryote

Answer 9

cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles.

Question 10

cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles.

Answer 10

prokaryote

Question 11

Eukaryote

Answer 11

cell that has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Question 12

cell that has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Answer 12

Eukaryote

Question 13

Robert Hooke

Answer 13

English scientist in 1665 observed a thin slice of cork (dead plant material) with a microscope. “little boxes” reminded him of small rooms = cells. First to use the word “cell”.

Question 14

English scientist in 1665 observed a thin slice of cork (dead plant material) with a microscope. “little boxes” reminded him of small rooms = cells. First to use the word “cell”.

Answer 14

Robert Hooke

Question 15

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 15

Dutch microscope maker. In 1675 was the first
person to observe living cells.

Question 16

Dutch microscope maker. In 1675 was the first person to observer living cells.

Answer 16

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 17

Schleiden

Answer 17

1838 this German botanist concluded that all plants were composed of cells

Question 18

1838 this German botanist concluded that all plants were composed of cells

Answer 18

Schleiden

Question 19

Schwann

Answer 19

1839 this German zoologist concluded that all animals were composed of cells.

Question 20

1839 this German zoologist concluded that all animals were composed of cells.

Answer 20

Schwann

Question 21

virchow

Answer 21

1855 this German physician determined that cells came from other cells

Question 22

1855 this German physician determined that cells came from other cells

Answer 22

virchow

Question 23

Cell theory #1

Answer 23

All living things are composed of one or more cells.

Question 24

Cell Theory #2

Answer 24

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism.

Question 25

Cell theory #3

Answer 25

Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells.

Question 26

All ______ are composed of one or more cells

Answer 26

living things

Question 27

____ are the basic units of structure and function in an organism.

Answer 27

Cells

Question 28

Cells come only from the _____ of existing cells

Answer 28

reproduction

Question 29

The electron microscope has revealed many specialized structures (______) inside the cell. Each “little organ” performs one or more special tasks to keep the cell alive.

Answer 29

organelles

Question 30

organelles

Answer 30

The electron microscope has revealed many specialized structures (______) inside the cell. Each “little organ” performs one or more special tasks to keep the cell alive.

Question 31

Cytoplasm

Answer 31

region of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

Question 32

Cytosol

Answer 32

The aqueous gelatin like fluid that bathes the organelles on the inside of the cell membrane.

Question 33

region of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

Answer 33

Cytoplasm

Question 34

The aqueous gelatin like fluid that bathes the organelles on the inside of the cell membrane.

Answer 34

Cytosol

Question 35

Mitochondria

Answer 35

powerhouse” of the cell. Contains its own DNA. Site of aerobic respiration.

Question 36

powerhouse” of the cell. Contains its own DNA. Site of aerobic respiration.

Answer 36

Mitochondria

Question 37

Ribosomes

Answer 37

Most numerous of the organelles. Not surrounded by a membrane. Organize the synthesis of proteins.

Question 38

Most numerous of the organelles. Not surrounded by a membrane. Organize the synthesis of proteins.

Answer 38

Ribosomes

Question 39

free ribosomes

Answer 39

make proteins for inside cell.

Question 40

make proteins for inside cell.

Answer 40

free ribosomes

Question 41

attached ribosomes

Answer 41

make proteins for outside.

Question 42

make proteins for outside.

Answer 42

attached ribosomes

Question 43

ER - rough

Answer 43

prepares proteins for export.

Question 44

prepares proteins for export.

Answer 44

ER rough

Question 45

ER smooth

Answer 45

synthesizes, regulates and breaks down chemicals.

Question 46

synthesizes, regulates and breaks down chemicals.

Answer 46

ER smooth

Question 47

• Golgi Apparatus

Answer 47

System of membranes that process, package and secrete substances produced by the cell. Works closely with ER to modify proteins for export.

Question 48

System of membranes that process, package and secrete substances produced by the cell. Works closely with ER to modify proteins for export.

Answer 48

Golgi apparatus

Question 49

Lysosomes

Answer 49

Common “little stomachs” in animals. Digests molecules, old organelles and foreign substances like bacteria and viruses.

Question 50

Common “little stomachs” in animals. Digests molecules, old organelles and foreign substances like bacteria and viruses.

Answer 50

Lysosomes

Question 51

Cytoskeleton

Answer 51

Skeleton of the cell which gives the cell its shape. Made of non membrane bound organelles, microfilaments and microtubules.

Question 52

Skeleton of the cell which gives the cell its shape. Made of non membrane bound organelles, microfilaments and microtubules.

Answer 52

Cytoskeleton

Question 53

Cilia

Answer 53

Short, hair-like extensions of cells that function in movement. Commonly found in large numbers.

Question 54

Short, hair-like extensions of cells that function in movement. Commonly found in large numbers.

Answer 54

Cilia

Question 55

Flagella

Answer 55

Long, tail-like extensions of cells that occur singly, or in pairs; also for movement.

Question 56

Long, tail-like extensions of cells that occur singly, or in pairs; also for movement.

Answer 56

Flagella

Question 57

Nuclear membrane (nuclear envelope)

Answer 57

Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and controls what enters and leaves the nucleus.

Question 58

Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and controls what enters and leaves the nucleus.

Answer 58

Nuclear membrane (nuclear envelope)

Question 59

Chromatin

Answer 59

Thin, invisible, non-active strands of hereditary info. (DNA + protein).

Question 60

Thin, invisible, non-active strands of hereditary info. (DNA + protein).

Answer 60

Chromatin

Question 61

Chromosomes

Answer 61

Thick, coiled, densely packed, visible, active strands of hereditary info. (DNA + proteins).

Question 62

Thick, coiled, densely packed, visible, active strands of hereditary info. (DNA + proteins).

Answer 62

Chromosomes

Question 63

Nucleolus

Answer 63

Can be one or more present. Site where ribosomes are synthesized.

Question 64

Can be one or more present. Site where ribosomes are synthesized.

Answer 64

Nucleolus

Question 65

Nucleus

Answer 65

Directs all cell activity; carries the hereditary information (DNA).

Question 66

Directs all cell activity; carries the hereditary information (DNA).

Answer 66

Nucleus

Question 67

Cell wall:

Answer 67

The outer wall secreted around the cell membrane of plant cells; it is nonliving, made of cellulose, and used for support and protection.

Question 68

The outer wall secreted around the cell membrane of plant cells; it is nonliving, made of cellulose, and used for support and protection.

Answer 68

Cell Wall

Question 69

• Cell membrane:

Answer 69

A semi- Permeable lipid and protein boundary that controls what passes in and out of the cell. “chain link fence” of the cell

Question 70

A semi- Permeable lipid and protein boundary that controls what passes in and out of the cell. “chain link fence” of the cell

Answer 70

Cell membrane

Question 71

Found in animal cells and function in cell division (mitosis).

Answer 71

Centrioles

Question 72

Centrioles

Answer 72

Found in animal cells and function in cell division (mitosis).

Question 73

Microtubules

Answer 73

Help shape and support the cell; also make up cilia and flagella.

Question 74

Help shape and support the cell; also make up cilia and flagella.

Answer 74

Microtubules

Question 75

Microfilaments

Answer 75

Help shape and support cell; play a role in cytoplasmic streaming.

Question 76

Help shape and support cell; play a role in cytoplasmic streaming.

Answer 76

Microfilaments

Question 77

Vacuole

Answer 77

Supports cell wall in plants (turgor pressure); stores food, waste, enzymes and poison.

Question 78

Supports cell wall in plants (turgor pressure); stores food, waste, enzymes and poison.

Answer 78

Vacuole

Question 79

Plastids

Answer 79

Found in plants and contain their own DNA. Store pigments that absorb light or store food (starch, fats).

Question 80

Found in plants and contain their own DNA. Store pigments that absorb light or store food (starch, fats).

Answer 80

Plasatids

Question 81

Chloroplasts

Answer 81

Plastids that contains green pigment (chlorophyll) which traps and converts sunlight into food (sugar).

Question 82

Plastids that contains green pigment (chlorophyll) which traps and converts sunlight into food (sugar).

Answer 82

Chloroplasts

Question 83

Chromoplasts

Answer 83

Plastids that make and store accessory pigments (orange, yellow and red) which aide in photosynthesis.

Question 84

Plastids that make and store accessory pigments (orange, yellow and red) which aide in photosynthesis.

Answer 84

Chromoplasts

Question 85

Leucoplasts

Answer 85

Plastids that store food such as starch, protein and fat.

Question 86

Plastids that store food such as starch, protein and fat.

Answer 86

Leucoplasts

Question 87

Prokaryotic

Answer 87

No nucleus or nuclear membrane ie. bacteria

Question 88

No nucleus or nuclear membrane ie. bacteria

Answer 88

Prokaryotic

Question 89

Eukaryotic

Answer 89

Nucleus and nuclear membrane ie. animal and plant cell

Question 90

Nucleus and nuclear membrane ie. animal and plant cell

Answer 90

Eukaryotic

Question 91

Plant

Answer 91

Autotrophic (make their own food) • Cell wall • Large vacuole • Plastids • Few lysosomes if any • No centrioles

Question 92

Animal

Answer 92

Heterotrophic (must eat food) • No cell wall • Small vacuole if any • No plastids • Many lysosomes • Centrioles

Question 93

Autotrophic

Answer 93

plant

Question 94

cell wall

Answer 94

plant

Question 95

large vacuole

Answer 95

plant

Question 96

plastids

Answer 96

plant

Question 97

few if any lysosomes

Answer 97

plant

Question 98

no centrioles

Answer 98

plant

Question 99

heterotrophic

Answer 99

animal

Question 100

no cell wall

Answer 100

animal

Question 101

small vacuole if any

Answer 101

animal

Question 102

no plastids

Answer 102

animal

Question 103

many lysosomes

Answer 103

animal

Question 104

centrioles

Answer 104

animal

Question 105

autotrophic

Answer 105

make their own food

Question 106

heterotrophic

Answer 106

must eat food