Cell Physiology Part 3 Flashcards
(9 cards)
What is secondary active transport?
It uses the ion concentration gradient (already createdby the primary active transport) (typically sodium) across a membrane as the energy source to transport other substances.
How does secondary active transport differ from primary active transport?
Primary active transport uses ATP directly, while secondary active transport uses the energy stored in ion gradients created by primary active transport.
What are examples of substances transported by secondary active transport?
Sugars, amino acids, and ions like Na+, Cl−.
What is endocytosis?
The process by which cells engulf large molecules or particles using vesicles. It requires ATP.
What are the main types of endocytosis?
Phagocytosis (large particles) and pinocytosis (small globules).
What cells commonly perform endocytosis?
Macrophages and white blood cells
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
A specific form of endocytosis where receptors bind to ligands and trigger vesicle formation.
What is exocytosis?
The process by which cells expel materials via vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane, often triggered by calcium influx.
What types of materials are transported by endocytosis and exocytosis?
Very large molecules and particles
