Blood Physiology Part 6 Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is the primary trigger of arterial thrombosis?
Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, disrupting the endothelium and exposing plaque contents to blood.
What are key triggers of venous thrombosis?
Abnormal blood flow and increased coagulability, often with an intact endothelium.
What are two commonly used anticlotting drugs?
Aspirin and warfarin
What is aspirin?
An anti-prostaglandin drug that inhibits thromboxane A2 formation (blocking platelet aggregation and platelet plug formation.
What does aspirin appear to be effective at ?
preventing heart attacks
What does admission of aspirin following a heart attack do?
significantly reduces the incidence of sudden death and a
recurrent heart attack.
How does warfarin decrease blood clotting?
blocking an enzyme called vitamin K epoxide reductase that reactivates vitamin K,. Without sufficient active
vitamin Ky, clotting factors II, VII,
and X have decreased clotting ability.
What is warfarin commonly used to treat?
treat blood clots such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and to prevent stroke in people who have atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease or artificial heart valves
Chinese medicine in treatment of thrombosis
1.丹dan 参shen
2。红hóng 花hua
3。川chuan 芎xiõng
Chinese medicine in treatment of thrombosis
丹dan参shen
红hóng花hua
川chuan 芎xiõng
Anything that interferes with the clotting mechanism can?
result in abnormal bleeding
What are the most common causes of bleeding disorders?
platelet deficiency (thrombocytopenia) and deficits of some clotting factors, which can result from impaired liver function or genetic conditions such as hemophilia.
What is Thrombocytopenia?
condition in which the number of circulating platelets is deficient it causes spontaneous bleeding from small blood vessels all over the body
What is one of the difficulties of having Thrombocytopenia?
Even normal movement leads to widespread hemorrhage, evidenced by many small purplish spots,
called petechiae, on the skin.
What is usually the diagnostic for Thrombocytopenia?
A platelet count of under 50x10% of blood
Purpose of platelets
- Platelets physically block potential gaps in the vascular lining
- Platelets and platelet components promote the growth of endothelial cells
- Platelets help maintain the endothelium ultrastructure
- Platelets release soluble factors that enhance the barrier function of the endothelium
What do platelets support?
Platelets support the integrity and barrier function of blood vessels
What is hemophilia?
Hemophilia is a kind bleeding disorder in which blood doesn’t clot normally because it lacks sufficient clotting factors
What are the three types of hemophilia?
And what do they result from?
•Hemophilia A results from a
deficiency of factor VIII.
•Hemophilia B results from a
deficiency of factor IX.
•Hemophilia C results from a
deficiency of factor XI
What are the three types of hemophilia?
And what do they result from?
•Hemophilia A results from a
deficiency of factor VIII.
•Hemophilia B results from a
deficiency of factor IX.
•Hemophilia C results from a
deficiency of factor XI
What does losing 15-30% of blood cause?
causes pallor and weakness
What does losing more than 30% of blood volume result in?
in severe shock,which can be fatal.
When are whole blood transfusions routine?
when blood loss is rapid and substantial
What do RBC plasma membrane bear at their external surfaces?
bear highly specific glycoproteins , which identify each of us as unique from all others
