Cell Structure

Question 1

What are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 1

These are animal and plant cells.

Question 2

What do eukaryotes consist of?

Answer 2

Nucleus, nucleolus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus and Golgi vesicles, lysosomes, ribosome, rough endoplasmic recticulum, smooth endoplasmic recticulum, chloroplast, vacuole, cell wall, cell surface membrane,

Question 3

What is a leaf cell?

Answer 3

• It absorbs light for photosynthesis
• packed with chloroplast.
• regular shaped, closely packed cells form a continuous layer for efficient absorption of sunlight.

Question 4

What is a root hair cell?

Answer 4

• it absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil
• it has long finger like projections with very thin wall, which gives a large surface area

Question 5

What is a sperm cell?

Answer 5

• it fertilises an egg cell - female gamete
• the head contains genetic information and an enzyme to help penetrate the egg cell membrane. The middle section is packed with mitochondria for energy. The grail moves the sperm to the egg.

Question 6

What is a red blood cell?

Answer 6

• it contains haemoglobin to carry oxygen to the cells.
• thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Share increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin.

Question 7

What is a microvilli?

Answer 7

Finger like projections on surface of cell provides large surface area for absorption of digested food.