Cells 1 (Cell Structure and Function)

Question 1

These are the smallest living units in biology

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

What type of elements link through cells

Answer 2

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

Question 3

What are the 3 main parts of a cell

Answer 3

1. Plasma Membrane 2. Cytoplasm with Organelles 3. Nucleus

Question 4

This part of the cell divides the intracellular and extracellular environments

Answer 4

Plasma Membrane

Question 5

The plasma membrane is _______ charged with respect to the outside

Answer 5

Negatively

Question 6

What is the construction of the plasma membrane

Answer 6

Made of a double phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

Question 7

Is the Plasma Membrane rigid or flexible?

Answer 7

Flexible

Question 8

What are the 3 main components for the Plasma Membrane

Answer 8

1. Phospholipids 2. Proteins 3. Cholesterol

Question 9

Substances can pass through the Plasma Membrane easily if they are

Answer 9

Small, Hydrophobic and not charged

Question 10

What are the 3 types of transportation through the Plasma Membrane

Answer 10

1. Simple Diffusion 2. Facilitated Diffusion 3. Active Transport

Question 11

This type of Plasma Membrane transportation has a gradient from high to low concentration, Solutes are lipid-soluble materials, small enough to pass through membrane pores and does not need energy to pass through

Answer 11

Simple Diffusion

Question 12

This type of Plasma Membrane transportation has to be transported through proteins from a high to low concentration

Answer 12

Facilitated Diffusion

Question 13

This type of Plasma Membrane transportation moves from low to high concentration by energy and a carrier protein

Answer 13

Active Transport

Question 14

This transports large particles and macromolecules across the plasma membrane

Answer 14

Vesicular Transport

Question 15

Bulk or large molecules INTO the cell

Answer 15

Endocytosis

Question 16

Brings molecules OUT the cell

Answer 16

Exocytosis

Question 17

A vesicular transport that eats foreign invaders and spits it out of the cell

Answer 17

Phagocytosis

Question 18

A vesicular transport that drinks and dissolves solutes and exits through our urine and/or sweat

Answer 18

Pinocytosis

Question 19

_______ is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 19

Osmosis

Question 20

A type of osmosis with low solute concentration

Answer 20

Hypotonic

Question 21

A type of osmosis with a high solute concentration

Answer 21

Hypertonic

Question 22

A type of osmosis with a same solute concentration

Answer 22

Isotonic

Question 23

A part of the cell that is fluid matrix with embedded organelle structure

Answer 23

Cytoplasm

Question 24

A cytoplasmic organelle that provides all energy for cellular work and is the powerhouse of the cell

Answer 24

Mitochondria

Question 25

A cytoplasmic organelle that is the protein synthesis

Answer 25

Ribosomes

Question 26

______ ribosomes suspend in cytosol and synthesize proteins will stay inside the cell

Answer 26

Free

Question 27

_______ ribosomes will synthesize proteins destined for secretion to the outside of the cell

Answer 27

Attached

Question 28

A cytoplasmic organelle that provides as a drug detoxification, lipid and cholesterol production and steroid or hormone production

Answer 28

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 29

A cytoplasmic organelle that provides the preparation of proteins for transport and secretion in membrane factory

Answer 29

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 30

A cytoplasmic organelle that packages, modifies and segregates proteins

Answer 30

Golgi Apparatus

Question 31

A cytoplasmic organelle that is the site of intracellular digestion and is filled with hydrolyzing enzymes

Answer 31

Lysosomes

Question 32

A cytoplasmic organelle that detoxifies harmful substances and neutralizes dangerous free radicals

Answer 32

Peroxisomes

Question 33

A cytoplasmic organelle that has small internal rods that determine cell shape and structure, supports organelles and provides machinery needed for transport and cell division

Answer 33

Cytoskeleton

Question 34

A cytoplasmic organelle that produces fibers necessary for cells to divide and replicate

Answer 34

Centrioles

Question 35

A cellular extension that is hair-like projections used to propel substances across cell surface and beats in only one direction

Answer 35

Cilia

Question 36

A cellular extension that is a single tail-like projection used to propel entire cell forward

Answer 36

Flagella

Question 37

A cellular extension that is finger-like projections on the surface of some cells that increase surface area for absorption

Answer 37

Microvilli

Question 38

This part of the cell is the control center for cell activities

Answer 38

The Nucleus

Question 39

What are the 4 structures of the nucleus

Answer 39

1. Nuclear envelope with nuclear pores 2. Chromatin (Uncoiled DNA) 3. Chromosomes (Tightly Coiled DNA) 4. Nucleolus (RNA for ribosome assembly)