Cells

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

The structural unit of all living things

Question 2

How many main regions does a cell have and what are they?

Answer 2

3 major regions.
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Plasma Membrane

Question 3

What does the nucleus do? What vital item does it contain?

Answer 3

Control center of the cell
Contains genetic makeup (DNA)

Question 4

What are the three regions of the nucleus?

Answer 4

Nuclear Envelope
Nucleolus
Chromatin

Question 5

What controls transportation of substances into/out of the cell?

Answer 5

Plasma Membrane

Question 6

How many layers does the plasma membrane have?

Answer 6

Two. A bilateral phospholipid

Question 7

What are the components of the plasma membrane?

Answer 7

Bilateral phospholipid,
Cholesterol (glue),
proteins (channels),
carbohydrates (sugar)

Question 8

What is the space between the nucleus and the plasma membrane?

Answer 8

Cytoplasm

Question 9

What are the three major components of cytoplasm?

Answer 9

Cytosol
Inclusions
Organelles

Question 10

What is the liquid/jelly part of the cytoplasm?

Answer 10

The cytosol

Question 11

What is considered the cells “pantry”? And why is it called that

Answer 11

Inclusions. They store nutrients or cell products and they float in the cytosol

Question 12

Known as the metabolic machinery of the cell that performs its functions. Many are membrane bound

Answer 12

Organelles

Question 13

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer 13

Mitochondria. Powerhouse because it is where ATP is produced

Question 14

How many layers does a mitochondria have? What is inside the inner layer?

Answer 14

Two layers. Inner layer has folds called “crista” or Cristae for plural

Question 15

What organelle is made up of protein and rRNA?

Answer 15

Ribosomes

Question 16

Where are ribosomes made and programmed?

Answer 16

In the nucleolus

Question 17

ATP

Answer 17

Adenosine TriPhosphate
Aka Energy

Question 18

Where are ribosomes found?

Answer 18

On the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum , which make the ER appear “rough”
And also found free in the cytoplasm

Question 19

What do ribosomes do?

Answer 19

They are the cells site for Protein Synthesis. (Production of protein)

Question 20

Fluid Filled Tunnels that are continuous with the nuclear membrane

Answer 20

Endoplasmic Reticulum. Smooth (SER) and Rough (RER)

Question 21

Function of RER

Answer 21

Transportation of Chemicals (Proteins) WITHIN the cell

Question 22

“Home Depot” of the cell, which provides materials to repair cell damage

Answer 22

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

Question 23

What controls the transportation that goes in and out of the cell ?

Answer 23

Plasma Membrane

Question 24

What is in charge of INTRACELLULAR transportation?

Answer 24

R.E.R

Question 25

What is in charge of the EXTRACELLULAR transportation?

Answer 25

Golgi Aparatus

Question 26

Flat Sacks located in between the ER and the membrane

Answer 26

Golgi Aparatus

Question 27

Functions of Golgi

Answer 27

Quality Control Packaging of protein (vesicles) Transporting proteins OUT of the cell

Question 28

Organelle that’s known as a membranous “bag” containing digestive enzymes

Answer 28

Lysosomes

Question 29

What do Lysosomes do?

Answer 29

They destroy any invader with digestive enzymes. They also destroy unusable/worn out organelles

Question 30

Apoptosis

Answer 30

Cell suicide

Question 31

a Network of Protein structures that provide shape to the cell

Answer 31

Cytoskeleton

Question 32

Centrioles

Answer 32

Rod shaped bodies , angled at 45 degrees, used in cell division

Question 33

What do centrioles participate in?

Answer 33

Cell division

Question 34

Spindle Fibers (Microtubules)

Answer 34

Created by centrioles and are used during cell division

Question 35

What are the cell extensions that were covered?

Answer 35

Cillia Flagella Microvilli

Question 36

Moves material across cell surface (short hairs)

Answer 36

Cillia

Question 37

Long tail of cell that propels the cell. (Movement)

Answer 37

Flagella (multiple flagellum)

Question 38

Tiny Fingerlike Extensions of the Plasma Membrane

Answer 38

Microvilli. They increase the surface area to also increase absorption