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Anatomy 105 > Last Lecture Flashcards > Flashcards

Last Lecture Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Another name for the larynx is _____

A

Voicebox

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2
Q

What does the larynx/voicebox contain?

A

Contains vocal cords which vibrate and make sound
Glottis- opening between the vocal cords

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3
Q

How many parts is the larynx broken up into?

A

3 parts
The glottis
The Hyoid bone
and 9 cartilages

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4
Q

What are the 9 cartilages in the voicebox?

A

6 are small and paired
3 are large

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5
Q

What are the three large cartilages of the voicebox?

A

Thyroid Cartilage- adams apple, made of hyaline cartilage and is the largest
Epiglottis- Stop food from entering trachea, made of elastic cartilage
Cricoid- makes a complete ring at opening of trachea, stops opening of trachea from collapsing

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6
Q

Makes a complete ring at the opening of the trachea and prevents it from collapsing

A

Cricoid

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7
Q

15-20 cartilages that stop the body of the trachea from collapsing

A

C shaped cartilages

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8
Q

The name of the largest and final cartilage of the trachea

A

Carina

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9
Q

Making of two branches is:

A

Bifurcation

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

What does the traches contain?

A

Smooth muscle in between C shaped cartilages
Bifurcates at the end and creates the primary bronchi

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12
Q

How many primary bronchi are there

A
  1. One left and One right
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13
Q

The straighter, wider and shorter bronchi

A

Right Bronchi

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14
Q

The more angled, narrower and longer bronchi

A

Left Bronchi

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15
Q

What is another name of the secondary bronchi

A

Lobar Bronchi

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16
Q

How many Lobar bronchi are there in total?

A

5 total
3 are in the right side
2 on the left side

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17
Q

What is after the secondary/lobar bronchi?

A

The tertiary bronchi,
18 in total
10 on right and 8 on the left

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18
Q

What comes after the tertiary bronchi?

A

Bronchioles. They do not have the C shaped cartilage
They are small airways
Do not have respiratory mucosa and are a passageway for air

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19
Q

What comes after bronchiole?

A

Alveolar ducts
No cartilage, no mucosa,
Passageways

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20
Q

What is the place of exchanging of gases

A

Alveoli

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21
Q

What stops the alveoli from collapsing

22
Q

What is the name for the wall between air in alveoli and blood in capillaries?

Study These Flashcards
A

The respiratory membrane

23
Q

What is the order of the membrane broken down?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Wall of alveoli- receives CO2 and gives O2
  2. Interstitial space- Should only contain air passing through
  3. Wall of capillaries- Receives O2 and drops off CO2
24
Q

What part of the lungs has the most air?

Study These Flashcards
A

The apex (top portion) of the lungs

25
What part of the lungs are most prone to collapsing?
The base (bottom)
26
How many fissures does the right lung have?
2 fissures The horizontal fissure and oblique fissure
27
How many lobes is the right lung turned into?
3 lobes Superior Middle Inferior
28
How many fissures does the left lung have?
One fissure creating two lobes
29
Each lobe has its own ________
Lobar bronchi
30
The _____ lung is shorter and wider
Right lung. It has to be shorter because of the liver directly underneath it
31
The left lung is _____ and _______ and also has the cardiac ______
Narrower and longer; Cardiac Notch
32
Serous membrane covering lungs
Pleura
33
How many layers does the pleura have
2 layers Visceral Pleura; Tightly attached to lungs Parietal Pleura; exterior surface, attached to inner wall of chest cavity
34
What are the names of complications with the pleural
Pneumothorax- air in the pleural cavity Hemothorax- Blood in the pleural cavity Pleural Effusion- Fluid in the pleural cavity
35
What is the medical term for breathing
Pulmonary Ventilation. Taking air into the lungs and removing air from the lungs
36
Internal respiration is the exchange of _____ and ______ between blood in the _____ and _______
O2 and CO2; capillaries and tissue cells
37
Exchange of CO2 and O2 between air in alveoli and blood in capillaries
External Respiration
38
What are the gas rules
1. Volume of gases in a container is exactly equal to the volume of that container 2. Gases have no shape or its own volume. They have pressure. Volume and pressure are inversely proportional (V goes up P goes down) 3. Gases flow from the area of high pressure to low pressure
39
How many phases does breathing have>
2. Inhalation and Exhalation
40
Active process of taking in air into the lungs using diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
Inhalation
41
As the volume of the chest cavity INCREASES the pressure __________
Decreases. Air goes from high to low pressure air gets sucked into lungs
42
A passive process that takes air out of the lungs
Exhalation The volume of the chest decreases the pressure increases
43
WHat is atmospheric pressure at sea level
760 mm Hg
44
What are the intrapulmonary pressures
under 760 is inhaling above 760 if exhaling Gases go from high pressure to low pressure
45
What is intra pleural pressure
Negative pressure It should be below the atmospheric and intrapulmonary pressures to stop lungs from collapsing usually around 756 mm Hg.
46
Spirometry is the
Noninvasive method of measuring respiratory volume
47
What are the respiratory volumes
Tidal Volume= 500 mL Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)= 3100 mL Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)= 1200 mL Vital Capacity= 4800 mL
48
What is vital capacity?
Combining of all the volumes (IRV + TV + ERV) It is the maximum air we can forcefully remove from the lunges after a forceful inspiration
49
What is residual volume?
Volume of air that stays in the lungs that can never be removed 1200 mL
50
What is total lung capacity?
TLC= Max Capacity of air in lungs combined with all volumes TLC = RV + VC 1200+ 4800 = 6000 mL

Anatomy 105 (14 decks)

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