Cells n Stuff

Question 1

Who first coined the term cells?

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Question 2

What year did Robert Hooke take a peek at some corks and find cells?

Answer 2

1665

Question 3

Cell Theory

Answer 3

1. Everything living is made up of cells
2. All past cells come form other living cells
3. A cell is the most basic unit of life

Question 4

The cell membrane contains:

Answer 4

Lipids, proteins, and phospholipids

Question 5

A phospholipid is:

Answer 5

A lipid that contains phosphorus

Question 6

The three functions of a cell membrane:

Answer 6

1. Separating the cell from its surrounding
2. Allowing nutrients in and waste out
3. Homeostasis

Question 7

Proteins and lipids in a cell membrane:

Answer 7

Control the movement in/out of the cell

Question 8

Osmosis

Answer 8

The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane

Question 9

Three types of passive transport:

Answer 9

Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

The movement of small particles across a semi-permeable membrane until equilibrium is reached

Question 11

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 11

The movement of large particles across a semi-permeable membrane until equilibrium is reached

Question 12

Nucleolus

Answer 12

Produces ribosomes

Question 13

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 13

Packages/labels proteins

Question 14

Vesicle

Answer 14

Finalizes assembly and transports proteins (the random one)

Question 15

Vacuole

Answer 15

Stores excess nutrients

Question 16

Another word for channels:

Answer 16

Pores

Question 17

Hypertonic Solutions

Answer 17

HIGH level of solute
Water flows OUT
Animal cells will SHRIVEL

Question 18

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 18

LOW level of solute
Water flows IN
Animal cells will SWELL

Question 19

Isotonic Solution

Answer 19

EVEN level of solute
Water flows IN and OUT at same rate
Animal cells are HAPPY

Question 20

Endocytosis

Answer 20

The process of large molecules going into a cell

Question 21

Exocytosis

Answer 21

The process of large molecule going out of a cell

Question 22

Order of tiny things

Answer 22

1 nano meter
1000 micro meters
1 micro meter
1000 millimeters
10 millimeters
1 centimeter

Question 23

When the length of a side doubles,

Answer 23

Volume multiplies by 8
Surface area multiplies by 4

Question 24

When the size of a shape doubles,

Answer 24

Volume to surface area ratio divides by 2

Question 25

When a cylinder is, the ratio is:

Answer 25

2 cm - 13:1 4 cm - 5:1

Question 26

Heterotrophic

Answer 26

Lacking a cell wall

Question 27

Best size for a cell

Answer 27

Large surface area to volume ratio (a smaller cell is better for this)

Question 28

of cell parts so far

Answer 28

12

Question 29

Smooth ER vs rough ER function

Answer 29

Smooth ER - transports lipids Rough ER - transports proteins

Question 30

Order of protein production:

Answer 30

Nucleus, rough er (ribosomes), vesicles, (optional Golgi apparatus), cell membrane

Question 31

Another name for cell membrane

Answer 31

Plasma membrane

Question 32

What is the head of a phospholipid made out of

Answer 32

An alcohol and phosphate group

Question 33

What is the tail of a phospholipid made out of

Answer 33

Chains of lipids

Question 34

Can phospholipids move freely

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

Proteins

Answer 35

Aid in diffusion and cell recognition

Question 36

Some membrane proteins have what attach to help cells recognize each other and other certain molecules

Answer 36

Carbohydrate chains

Question 37

Big clump on drawing

Answer 37

Involved in cell-to-cell recognition

Question 38

Hairs on drawing

Answer 38

Attracts water

Question 39

Inside > outside

Answer 39

Hypertonic

Question 40

Inside < outside

Answer 40

Hypotonic

Question 41

A protein pump moves what against the concentration gradient

Answer 41

Ions

Question 42

The protein that is used to pump ions is called what

Answer 42

A transport protein

Question 43

Having a greater solute

Answer 43

Hypertonic

Question 44

Having less solute

Answer 44

Hypotonic

Question 45

As a relative concentration of solutes in two solutions increases, of necessity the concentration of water in the same two solutions:

Answer 45

Decreases

Question 46

When a solution is hypotonic to a plant cell, the plant cell:

Answer 46

Won't swell due to the presence of its cell wall

Question 47

How many cells are in the human body?

Answer 47

100 trillion

Question 48

What is our first line of defense once a virus enters the body?

Answer 48

Antibodies

Question 49

What's the next major barrier after the antibodies?

Answer 49

The cell wall

Question 50

Plant cells need what solution?

Answer 50

Hypotonic