Cerebral Hemispheres

Question 1

What are the dips and elevations on the brain surface called?

Answer 1

Sulcus

Gyrus

Question 2

Where does the central sulcus run from?

Answer 2

Starts at the lateral sulcus and travels to the medial surface

Question 3

What is the corpus callosum?

Answer 3

A collection of axons going between each of the hemispheres

connects the 2 hemispheres

Question 4

What part of the dural layers is found in the sulci and gyri?

Answer 4

Pia mater

Question 5

What part of the cortex does motor innervation come from?

Answer 5

Anterior part of the cerebral hemisphere

Question 6

What part of the cortex does sensory innervation come from?

Answer 6

Posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere

Question 7

What is the limbic system responsible for?

Answer 7

Storage and retrieval of processed information

Question 8

What type of information does the frontal lobe send?

Answer 8

Motor

Question 9

What is area 4 of the frontal lobe?

Answer 9

Precentral gyrus (Primary motor cortex)

Question 10

What is the inferior frontal gyrus known as?

Answer 10

Broca’s area of motor speech (area 4,45)

Question 11

What is the role of the prefrontal cortex?

Answer 11

Cognitive functions of higher orders - intellect, judgement, prediction, planning

Question 12

What type of information does the parietal lobe deal with?

Answer 12

Somatosensory

Question 13

What are areas 3,1, and 2 of the parental lobe?

Answer 13

Primary sensory area

Question 14

What is the role of the superior parietal lobe?

Answer 14

Interpretation of general sensory information and conscious awareness of other side of body

Question 15

What does the inferior parietal lobe deal with?

Answer 15

Language functions (dominant hemisphere)

Question 16

What is the main role of the temporal lobe?

Answer 16

Hearing

Smell

Question 17

What is the found in the superior temporal gyrus?

Answer 17

Primary auditory cortex

Question 18

What does the inferior temporal surface deal with?

Answer 18

Conscious appreciation of smell

Question 19

What is the auditory association area known as on the dominant hemisphere?

Answer 19

Wernicke’s area (crucial for understanding spoken word)

Question 20

What is the primary role of the occipital lobe?

Answer 20

Vision

Question 21

Where is the primary visual cortex found?

Answer 21

Either side of calcimine sulcus (medial surface of occipital lobe)

Question 22

What is the role of the visual association cortex?

Answer 22

Interpretation of visual images

Question 23

What is the role of the limbic lobe?

Answer 23

Memory

Emotional aspects of behaviour

Question 24

What comprises the limbic lobe?

Answer 24

Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Parahippocampal gyrus
Amygdala

Question 25

What is aphasia?

Answer 25

Problem with speech sue to damage to one or more speech areas in the brain

Question 26

What is Broca's aphasia?

Answer 26

Understands speech Misses small words Aware of speech difficulties Weakness/paralysis on one side

Question 27

What causes Broca's aphasia?

Answer 27

Damage to frontal lobe

Question 28

What is Wernicke's aphasia?

Answer 28

Fluent speech with meaningless words Can't understand speech Unaware of mistakes No paralysis

Question 29

What causes Wernicke's aphasia?

Answer 29

Damage to temporal lobe

Question 30

What are the 3 types of myelinated axon fibres

Answer 30

Commisural fibres Association fibres Projection fibres

Question 31

What is the job of the commisural fibres?

Answer 31

Connect corresponding areas of 2 hemispheres

Question 32

What is the role of the association fibres?

Answer 32

Connect cortex

Question 33

What is the role of the projection fibres?

Answer 33

Run between cerebral cortex and subcortical centres

Question 34

What type of fibres make up the internal capsule?

Answer 34

Projection fibres

Question 35

Where is the internal capsule found?

Answer 35

Between the thalamus and caudate nucleus medially and lentiform nucleus laterally

Question 36

What comprises the basal ganglia?

Answer 36

Caudate nucleus Putamen Globus pallidus

Question 37

What comprises the Lentiform nucleus?

Answer 37

Putamen | Globus pallidus

Question 38

What is the role of the basal ganglia?

Answer 38

Initiation and termination of movements