Telencephalon
The Cerebrum
Responsible for higher brain functions
Cerebrum
Consists of an outer gray matter (cerebral cortex) and an inner white matter
Cerebrum Structure
Two Cerebral Hemispheres
Longitudinal Fissure
Seperates Cerebral Hemisphere
Corpus Callosum
Axons that connect left and right hemisphere
Gyrus
Raised area/elevation of cortex
Sulcus
Depression or groove between gyri
Frontal Lobe End Location
Ends at the central sulcus
Central Sulcus
Seperates parietal and frontal lobe
Motor Speech Area (Broca Area)
On left frontal
Controls motor functions involved with speech
If this is damaged, you can’t speak
Primary Motor Cortex
Located in precentral gyrus of each frontal lobe
Controls voluntary skeletal muscle movement
Parietal Lobe
Ends Anteriorly at Central Sulcus
Lateral Limits at a LAteral Sulcus
What areas are in the Frontal Lobe
Motor Speech Area
Primary Motor Cortex
Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Located in Postcentral Gyrus of each parietal lobe
Recieves sensory input from skin, muscle, joints
Wernicke Area
Overlaps areas in both parietal and temporal lobes
Helps us understand written/spoken language
What areas are in the Parietal Lobe
Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Wernicke Area
What areas are located in the Temporal Lobe
Primary Auditory Cortex
Wernicke Area
Primary Olfactory Corex
Primary Auditory Cortex
Interprets/distingushes sounds
Stores Auditory memories
Wernicke Area (Temporal Lobe)
Involved in recognizing, understanding, or comprehending spoken or written language
Primary Olfactory Cortex
Processes smell information and provides conscious awareness of smells
Area of Occipital Lobe
Primary Visual Cortex
Primary Visual Cortex
Works with other areas in the occipital lobe to distinguish and interpret visual images
Assembles pieces to create a picture
Areas located in Insula
Primary Gustatory Cortex
Insula
Deep to the lateral sulcus and involved with memory
Primary Gustaory Cortex
Involved in processing taste information
Receptors Definiton
A receptor is a structure that converts a sensory stimulus to a nerve impulse
Types of Receptors
Exteroceptors, Interoceptors, Propioceptors
Exteroceptors
Near surface of body
Stimuli from outside environment
Some are cutaneous receptors (Skin)
Special Senses (Sight, Smell, Taste)
Interoceptors
Primary stretch receptors in smooth muscle of blood vessels and viscera
Proprioceptors
Provides infromation about muscles, joints, and tendons
Sends information to cerebellum
Involves joint receptors, muscle spindles
