Ch 1

Question 1

group

Answer 1

a collection of two or more individuals who meet face to face or virtually in an interactive, interdependent way, with the awareness that each belongs to the group and for the purpose of achieving mutually agreed on goals

Question 2

healthy groups

Answer 2

contextually unique
complex in regard to their multiple transactions
open systems

Question 3

4 group specializations

Answer 3

task/work
psychoeducational
counseling
psychotherapy

Question 4

activities

Answer 4

verbal or nonverbal undertakings a group and its members participate in

Question 5

group work

Answer 5

a broad professional practice involving the application of knowledge and skill in group facilitation to assist an interdependent collection of people to reach their mutual goals, which may be intrapersonal, interpersonal, or work related

Question 6

contact focused group theory

Answer 6

focus was on the purpose of groups
3 primary: guidance, group counseling, and group psychotherapy

Question 7

Mahler differentiated among these groups as

Answer 7

the groups initially defined purpose
the groups size
the management of the content
the length of the groups life
the leaders responsibility
the severity of the problem
the competency of the leader

Question 8

speciality/standards model

Answer 8

pioneered by salmarsh, Jenkins, and fisher (1986)
model used to conceptualize groups
focus helps distinguish one group from another

Question 9

TRAC

Answer 9

model of group work
tasking, relating, acquiring, contacting

Question 10

tasking groups

Answer 10

control, efficiency, achievement
working or volunteer group

Question 11

relating groups

Answer 11

restructinuring and rehearsal of new behavior
staff development, relationship skills group

Question 12

acquiring groups

Answer 12

access to and expansion of information and awareness
discussion or resource group

Question 13

contacting groups

Answer 13

process recognition and catalytic function
therapy or lab group

Question 14

TRAC model of groups

Answer 14

clearly delineates group process and management and the types of specific groups found in each of the four areas

Question 15

task/work groups

Answer 15

promote efficient and effective accomplishment of group tasks among people who are gathered to accomplish group task goals
only group not inherently formed with personal psychological learning as the objective
volunteer, mission, goal, and working groups

Question 16

group dynamics

Answer 16

the interactions fostered through the relationships of members and leaders in connection with the complexity of the task involved

Question 17

task/work groups run best if…

Answer 17

If the purpose of the group is clear to all participants,
If process and content issues are balanced,
If the systems of the group as a whole, leader, member, and subsets of members are recog- nized and acknowledged,
If time is taken for culture building and learning about each other,
If the ethic of collaboration, cooperation, and mutual respect is developed and nurtured,
If conflict is addressed,
If feedback is exchanged,
If leaders pay attention to the here-and-now,
If members are active resources,
If members learn to be effective and influential participants,
If leaders exhibit a range of skills for helping members address task and human relations issues, Ifmembersandleaderstaketimetoreflectonwhatishappening.(Hulse-Killacky,Killacky, & Donigian, 2001, pp. 21–22)

Question 18

two major differences between task/work and other groups

Answer 18

may disband abruptly after accomplishing the goal
group members and leaders may have considerable contact with others in an organization in which the group is housed

Question 19

team

Answer 19

a group of two or more people who interact dynamically, interdependently, and adaptively and who share at least one common goal or purpose

Question 20

team differ than other groups….

Answer 20

they have shared goals, as opposed to individuals goals
they stress interdependency more
they require more of a commitment by members to a team and effort
they are by design accountable to a higher level within the organization

Question 21

ways to classify a team (how its used)

Answer 21

problem solving
special purpose
self-management

Question 22

guidelines to establishing teams

Answer 22

must be kept small
must be selected for their already established skills
bring the resources necessary to function
must be structured and nurtured

Question 23

psychoeducational groups (educational/guidance groups)

Answer 23

developed for use in educational settings
premised on the idea that education is treatment
help increase the self-worth of participants
emphasizes using education methods to acquire information and develop related meaning and skills
transmitting, discussing, and integrating factual knowledge

Question 24

airtime

Answer 24

the amount of time available for participation in the group

Question 25

effective leaders

Answer 25

skillful at managing time able to redirect focus when appropriate provide structure competent at helping members create goals

Question 26

six step process to in designing a group

Answer 26

stating the purpose establishing goals setting objectives selecting content designing experiential activities evaluating

Question 27

life-skills group/training

Answer 27

focuses on helping people identify and correct deficits in their life-coping responses and learn new and appropriate behaviors

Question 28

steps involved in learning life skills

Answer 28

1. Understand why the skill is important and how it will be of value to you. 2. Understand what the skill is, what the component behaviors are that you have to engage in to perform the skill, and when it should be used. 3. Find situations in which you can practice the skill over and over again while a “coach” watches and evaluates how you are performing the skill. 4. Assess how well the . . . skill is being implemented. 5. Keep practicing until the skill feels real and it becomes an automatic habit pattern. 6. Load your practice toward success [set up practice units that can easily be mastered]. 7. Get friends to encourage you to use the skill. 8. Help others learn the . . . skill. (pp. 53–54)

Question 29

counseling groups

Answer 29

are preventative, growth oriented, and remedial focus on the improvement of interpersonal relationships and the intrapersonal growth of members through the help of the group

Question 30

adventure groups

Answer 30

a form of counseling groups have participants deal with safe but risk taking events in the wilderness

Question 31

toxic effect

Answer 31

includes physical and psychic isolation, repeated feelings of loss in regard to client termination, and interpersonal distancing from family and friends who may perceive counselors as interpreting their words and actions

Question 32

psychotherapy groups (group psychotherapy)

Answer 32

group that address the personal and interpersonal problems of living among people who may be experiencing severe and/or chronic maladjustment therapy by the group instead of in the group open-ended (admitting new members any time) or close-ended (not admitting new members after the first session)

Question 33

groups as a whole approach

Answer 33

one where the therapist makes comments directed to the whole group that reflect processes operating in the group in the here and now that seem to be out of the groups current awareness

Question 34

three primary forces operating in a psychotherapy group

Answer 34

individual dynamics, interpersonal dynamics, and group as a whole dynamics

Question 35

mixed groups

Answer 35

groups that defy classification and that encompass multiple ways of working with their members and may change their emphasis at different times in the development of the group EX: DIGMA

Question 36

five dimensions to categorizes groups

Answer 36

goals, process, members, setting, and leader

Question 37

their nomenclature for goal category includes the terms

Answer 37

development (forward motion and expansion) remediation (overcoming or correcting manifest problems) adjustment (assisting members in coping with problems or circumstances that cannot be remediated)

Question 38

self-help groups and mutual help groups (support groups)

Answer 38

two forms: those that are organized by an established professional helping organization or individual & those that originate spontaneously and stress their autonomy and internal group resources

Question 39

consumer oriented groups

Answer 39

encompasses self-help and functions from a psychoeducational and task/work perspective advocate for change and social justice, formed on the basis of need successful ones have rigor and vigor

Question 40

GAP matrix

Answer 40

goals and process