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5233: Group Theory > Ch 2 > Flashcards

Ch 2 Flashcards

Group dynamics (76 cards)

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1
Q

primary affiliation groups

A

family or peers
exerts greater pressure on individuals (people act different in a group then when alone)

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2
Q

secondary affiliation groups

A

people least identify
city or confederation

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3
Q

group dynamics

A

the influence of groups on members
forces within a group

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4
Q

hawthorne effect

A

changes in behavior as a result of observation and manipulation of conditions in an environment
found that changes in environment are not as important as social factors within a work group

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5
Q

two elements that have major bearing on a groups development (determines dynamic of group)

A

group content
group process

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6
Q

group content

A

information within and purpose of the group
actual words, ideas, and information exchanged within a group
large amounts of info in a short time

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7
Q

group process

A

interactions and relationships among members within the group
**as groups develop, less time generally is spent on content material and more focused in process functions

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8
Q

seven types of group processes

A

contagion
conflict
anxiety
consensual validation
universality
family reenactment
instillation of hope=

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9
Q

contagion

A

member behavior elicits group interaction

EX: someone tells sad story, makes others cry

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10
Q

conflict

A

usually revolve around significant issues in people lives,

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11
Q

anxiety

A

discomfort in emotions
to cope:
restrictive solution (unhealthy) (changing the subject, attacking someone else, detaching)
enabling solutions (healthier) (revolve around open listening and discussion about anxiety past and present)

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12
Q

consensual validation

A

checking ones behavior with a group of others

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13
Q

universality

A

similar feelings shared within the groupn

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14
Q

balance between content and process

A

must be balanced regardless of type of group conducted

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15
Q

content questions

A

what do we have to do?
what do we need to do to accomplish our goals?

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16
Q

process questions

A

who am I? (intrapersonal)
who am I with you? (interpersonal)
who are we together? (the whole group)

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17
Q

focal conflict theory

A

one way of balancing content and process

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18
Q

key to balancing content and process in psychoeducational groups using focal conflict theory

A
  1. creating a safe learning environment
  2. engaging group members in each others learning
  3. exploring group members relationship to psychoeducational content
  4. returning promptly to agreed upon content and content related activities
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19
Q

system

A

a set of elements standing in interaction with one another
each element in the system is affected by whatever happens to any other element
system is only as strong as its weakest part

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20
Q

systems theory

A

explains how groups work and group dynamics
group members are always deciding between their needs for differentiating themselves and integrating with others
group leader helps create a balance in above

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21
Q

linear

A

cause and effect

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22
Q

systematically

A

circular manner

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23
Q

three ways to asses types of factors most influence certain group situations

A

studying the research on groups as systems
direct group observation/participation
feedback from outside objective observers

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24
Q

influencing group dynamics

A

preplanning
group structure
group exercises
group interaction
members roles

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25
preplanning
leaders plan what type if group to conduct in what setting it should be held how long it will last who should be included (subgrouping to keep groups medium sized) how it will be evaluated clarity of purpose (what the group is to accomplish) fit between members goals and group goals, the level of membership commitment, the openness of members to self and others, a commitment to take or support risks, members attitudes towards leadership and authority, and the leaders attitude toward certain member characteristics (goals, commitment, openness, risk taking, attitudes)
26
heterogeneous groups
those composed of people with dissimilar backgrounds can broken members horizons and enliven interpersonal interactions
27
homogeneous groups
those centered on a presenting problem or similarity in gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or sociocultural background beneficial in working through specific issues
28
group structure
refers both to the physical setup of a group and to the interaction of each group member in relation to the group as a whole
29
physical structure
the arrangement of group members one of the first factors to consider in setting up a group (has a strong influence) use the circle format
30
circle group structure
all members have direct access to one another (adv) lack of a perceived leader in the structure unless the identified leader is active and direct (disadvantages)
31
chain group structure
people are positioned or seated along a line (often according to rank in group)
32
wheel group structure
center spoke (the leader) through whom all messages go allows direct communication with leader, but difficulty with communicating with others in group
33
y group structure
combines the structural elements of the wheel and the chain there is a perceived leader
34
theater style group structure
group is seated in lines and rows cut off from interacting with other members because they are facing the same way
35
group exercises and activities (14 categories)
written movement creative props arts and crafts fantasy common reading feedback trust experiential moral dilemma group-decision touching rounds dyads and triads
36
benefits of group exercises
may generate discussion and participation may help group focus on particular topic or issue help shift the focus from one area to another promote experiential learning increase the comfort level of participants
37
verbal intrapersonal
low intensity EX: group members draw pictures of how they perceive the world and use it to introduce themselves verbally to the group
38
vernal interpersonal
low intensity EX: group members divide into small groups and discuss their sibling positions then group would reassemble and members would talk about how they view the world on past perception
39
nonverbal intrapersonal
low intensity EX: body relaxation where leader talk members through relaxing parts of their body
40
nonverbal interpersonal
EX: members line up from most to least about any concern that is relevant for the group at the moment such as anxiety
41
group interaction
the way members relate to one another consists of nonverbal and verbal behaviors and the attitudes that go with them
42
nonverbal behaviors
make up more than 50% of the messages communicated in social relationships more honest and less subject to manipulation
43
four main categories of nonverbal behaviors
body behaviors interaction with the environment speech physical appearance
44
sociometry
a phenomenological methodology for investigating interpersonal relationships
45
law of triviality
the time a group spends discussing any issue is in verse proportion to its consequences
46
role
a dynamic structure within an individual (based on needs, cognitions, and values), which usually comes to life under the influence of social stimuli or defined positions manifestation of it is based on individuals expectation of self and others and the interaction one has in a. group or situation
47
roles in a group function in three ways
facilitative/building role maintenance role blocking role
48
faciliatative/building role
one that adds to the functioning of a group in a positive and constructive way initiators
49
maintenance role
one that contributes to the social-emotional bonding of members and the groups overall well-being
50
blocking role
an anti group role act as aggressors, blockers, dominators, recognition seekers, and self-righteous moralists
51
four major forms of role difficulties
role collision role incompatibility role confusion role transition
52
role collision
a conflict exists between the role an individual plays in the outside role and the role expected within the group
53
role incompatibility
a person is given a role within the group that he or she neither wants nor is comfortable exercising
54
role confusion
role ambiguity occurs when a group member simply does not know what role to perform
55
role transition
a person is expected to assume a different role as the group progresses but does not feel comfortable doing so
56
positive group variables (curative/therapeutic factors within groups)
member commitment readiness of members for the group experience the attractiveness of the group for its members a feeling of belonging, acceptance, and security clear communication
57
curative (therapeutic) factors within groups
Instillation of hope universality imparting of information altruism corrective recapitulation of the primary family group development of socializing techniques imitative behavior interpersonal learning cohesiveness catharsis existential factors
58
instillation of hope
assurance that treatment will work
59
universality
what seems unique is often a similar experience of another group member
60
imparting of information
instruction about mental health, mental illness, and how to deal with life problems through group discussions
61
altrusim
sharing experiences and thoughts with others, helping them by giving of ones self, working for the common good
62
corrective recapitualtion of the primary family group
reliving early familial conflicts correctly and resolving them
63
development of socializing techniquesn
learning basic social skills
64
imitative behavior
modeling positive actions of other group members
65
interpersonal learning
gaining insight and correctively working through past experiences
66
cohesiveness
the proper therapeutic relationship among groups members, group members and the group leader, and the groups as a whole
67
catharsis
experiencing and expressing feelings
68
existential factors
accepting responsibility for ones life in basic isolation from others, recognizing ones own morality and the capriciousness of existence
69
negative group variables
avoiding conflict abdicating group responsibilities anesthetizing to contradictions within the group becoming narcissistic
70
avoiding conflict
involves the silencing of members who expose the groups shortcomings or disagree with the majority opinions
71
narcissistic groups
develop cohesiveness by encouraging hatred of an out-group or by creating an enembt
72
psychic numbing
occurring in regressive groups members anesthetize themselves to contradictions in the group
73
learning group dynamics
videotaping journaling outdoor experiences simulation games for team building sociometric and learning integration
74
processing in group work
refers to an activity that helps group members and the group identify, examine, and reflect on their behaviors and what occurred in a group in order to increase understanding, extract meaning, integrate knowledge, and improve their functioning and outcomes
75
PARS processing model
processing: activity, relationship, self all effective processing uses this model three stages: reflecting, understanding, and applying
76

5233: Group Theory (11 decks)

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