Ch. 1-4 Grab Bag Flashcards
(30 cards)
What type of solution causes a red blood cell to shrink (crenate)?
Hypertonic
What type of epithelial tissue lines the trachea and contains goblet cells?
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
What type of biological molecule is ATP?
ATP is a nucleic acid – a nucleotide derivative used for cellular energy.
What are the three types of epithelial membranes and their locations/functions?
Cutaneous membrane – skin (dry, protective)
Mucous membrane – lines body cavities open to the outside (wet, secretes mucus)
Serous membrane – lines closed body cavities (produces serous fluid)
What are key features of cardiac muscle tissue?
Striated, involuntary, found in the heart, has 1–2 nuclei, and contains intercalated discs.
Is smooth muscle striated? Where is it found?
No, smooth muscle is non-striated. It’s found in organs like the intestines, uterus, and blood vessels.
What is the normal pH range of human blood?
7.35–7.45
Which organ system is responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes?
Cardiovascular system
What serous membrane lines the abdominal wall?
Parietal peritoneum
Which element is the most abundant by weight in the human body?
Oxygen
What is the weakest type of bond, commonly found between water molecules?
Hydrogen Bond
Which type of connective tissue stores long-term energy?
Adipose
During which mitotic phase do chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell?
Metaphase
Which organelle modifies and packages proteins for secretion?
Golgi Apparatus
What is the primary function of microvilli?
Increase surface area for absorption
The heart is ______ to the diaphragm
Superior
True or false: Water is considered an inorganic compound
True
Which type of junction allows direct chemical communication between cells?
Gap junction
What does passive transport require?
No ATP; it moves substances from high to low concentration
Name the nine abdominopelvic regions.
Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac, Right lumbar, Umbilical, Left lumbar, Right iliac, Hypogastric, Left iliac
Where is each type of muscle tissue found?
Skeletal: attached to bones; Cardiac: heart; Smooth: walls of hollow organs
What is a buffer system and where is one found?
A system that resists changes in pH; found in blood (e.g., bicarbonate buffer)
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
A specific uptake process where ligands bind to membrane receptors to trigger vesicle formation
What are the steps of a negative feedback loop?
Stimulus → receptor → afferent pathway → control center → efferent pathway → effector → response opposes stimulus
