Ch 10 Test

Question 1

Most fishes are …

Answer 1

carnivores

Question 2

The hard bony flap covering and protecting the gills is called the _________.

Answer 2

operculum

Question 3

Myoglobin is found in the:

Answer 3

muscles

Question 4

True or False
The rete mirabile is responsible for carry warm blood outwards towards the muscles.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Epipelagic animals are usually countershaded, meaning that:

Answer 5

they are silvery/white on the bottom and grey on the top

Question 6

Sharks and bony fish have a sensory system for detecting motion in the water. This system is called the _______ ______ system.

Answer 6

lateral line

Question 7

What is the function of the lamallae in the gill filaments?

Answer 7

To increase surface area for gas exchange.

Question 8

Lampreys and hagfish are examples of _____ fish.

Answer 8

jawless

Question 9

Parrot fish usually feed on

Answer 9

algae growing on coral

Question 10

The _____ is a balloon-like internal organ found in most fish that is filled with gas.

Answer 10

Swim bladder

Question 11

Bony fishes scales are derived from

Answer 11

bone

Question 12

Bony fishes use their kidney and ____________ to remove excess salts.

Answer 12

chloride cells

Question 13

The spiral valve in sharks helps with

Answer 13

nutrient absorption

Question 14

Characteristics of hagfish include

Answer 14

a skull but no vertebrae.

Question 15

What do the two biggest fish have in common?

Answer 15

both are filter feeders

Question 16

Skates and rays have ________ gills slits.

Answer 16

5

Question 17

Spiracles are involved in

Answer 17

allowing demersal fishes to take in water when their mouths are buried in sediment

Question 18

The _____ is the structure that covers and protects the gills in fish.

Answer 18

Operculum

Question 19

In many sharks, extra buoyancy is provided by the:

Answer 19

liver

Question 20

Ampullae of Lorenzini is found in

Answer 20

cartilaginous fishes

Question 21

Choose the example(s) of cartilaginous fish.

Answer 21

sharks
rays
skates

Question 22

Fish absorb oxygen from the water using what type of exchange?

Answer 22

Countercurrent

Question 23

The skeleton of the jawless fish is made of ______________.

Answer 23

cartilage

Question 24

True or False
Fishes nostrils are used for both smell and respiration.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Fishes with compressed body shapes tend to live in _________________ environments.

Answer 25

dense cover or coral reefs

Question 26

In fishes, depressed body shape is described as

Answer 26

body depressed dorsal to ventral.

Question 27

Bony fishes have all the folllowing EXCEPT

Answer 27

claspers

Question 28

Most fish species have a generally symmetrical __________ caudal fin.

Answer 28

homocercal

Question 29

In fishes, the colored pigments are found in cells in the skin called

Answer 29

chromatophores

Question 30

Fish have hearts with:

Answer 30

Two-chambers

Question 31

Features of cartilaginous fish include __________.

Answer 31

a jaw, paired fins, scales, and a two-chamber heart

Question 32

True or False Fish are unable to maintain their body temperatures internally.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Why do some biologists not consider the jawless fishes to be vertebrates?

Answer 33

have a partial skull but no backbone making them not true vertebrates

Question 34

chromatophores

Answer 34

colored pigment in bony fish comes from these cells in the skin

Question 35

iridophores

Answer 35

Structure colors found as crystals in fish are special chromatophores

Question 36

warning coloration

Answer 36

color used to advertise that they are poisonous, dangerous, or bad-tasting

Question 37

cryptic coloration

Answer 37

Blending with the environment to deceive predators or prey

Question 38

disruptive coloration

Answer 38

presence of colored stripes, bars, or spots to help break up the outline of a fish

Question 39

countershading

Answer 39

contrasting colors such as white bellies on black fish help them disguise in open water

Question 40

myomeres

Answer 40

Bands of muscles attached to the backbone for support

Question 41

rete mirabile

Answer 41

heat that is generated in the muscles is carried by the blood inward and is taken back into the body, reduces heat loss

Question 42

gill arches

Answer 42

cartilaginous or bony structures that hold the fleshy gill filaments