Ch. 11 Assignment

Question 1

Which of the following are examples of muscle compartments that separate and organize the appendicular musculature? Check all that apply.

anterior
posterior
lateral
deep

Answer 1

anterior
posterior
lateral

Question 2

A fascicle is bound and defined by the __________.

endomysium
fascia
myofilaments
epimysium
perimysium

Answer 2

perimysium

Question 3

If a tendon runs longitudinally throughout a muscle and fascicles insert obliquely on it along both sides, the muscle is classified as __________.

parallel
oblique
bipennate
convergent
multipennate

Answer 3

bipennate

Question 4

A circular muscle that controls a body opening or passage is called a/an __________.

Answer 4

sphincter

Question 5

In some indirect muscle attachments the tendon is a broad sheet of connective tissue called a/an ___________.

aponeurosis
ligament
epimysium
sarcolemma

Answer 5

aponeurosis

Question 6

Why have the terms “origin” and “insertion” largely been abandoned in describing a muscle’s points of attachment?

The movable and immovable points of attachment are not always the same in every action a muscle performs.

Grays Anatomy is old, outdated, and fallen out of use.

These terms have now been replaced by “direct” and “indirect” to describe a muscle’s points of attachment.

A muscle’s attachment points can change depending on the action performed.

Answer 6

The movable and immovable points of attachment are not always the same in every action a muscle performs.

Question 7

A muscle that holds a bone still during a particular action is called a/an __________.

fixator
antagonist
agonist
synergist
intrinsic muscle

Answer 7

fixator

Question 8

A muscle that aids the prime mover is called a/an ___________.

synergist
antagonist
agonist
fixor

Answer 8

synergist

Question 9

Many bones act as levers, an elongated rigid object that rotates around a fixed point called a fulcrum. A __________ serves as a fulcrum.

joint
muscle
force
load

Answer 9

joint

Question 10

The word __________ in a muscle name indicates a function related to the head.

cervicis
carpi
capitis
hallucis
teres

Answer 10

capitis

Question 11

The _______ of a muscle refers to the identity of the nerve that stimulates it to contract.

Answer 11

innervation

Question 12

Muscles below the neck are innervated by nerves that are branches of ________ arising from the spinal cord.

Answer 12

spinal nerves

Question 13

Muscles of the head and neck are innervated by _______ arising from the base of the brain.

Answer 13

cranial nerves

Question 14

After a spinal nerve emerges from its intervertebral foramen, it branches into a posterior and anterior __________.

Answer 14

ramus

Question 15

A _________ is a weblike network of spinal nerves from which nerves may emerge to innervate muscles.

Answer 15

plexus

Question 16

The ___________ of a muscle refers to the identity of the nerve that stimulates it.

Answer 16

innervation

Question 17

The diaphragm is stimulated to contract by the phrenic nerve. Therefore, this statement describes the __________ of the diaphragm muscle.

origin
insertion
action
innervation

Answer 17

innervation

Question 18

Of the listed muscles, indicate which muscle will depress the mandible.

platysma
sternocleidomastoid
masseter

Answer 18

platysma

Question 19

The __________ produce(s) lateral grinding movements of the jaw.

pterygoids
temporalis
hyoglossus
zygomaticus major and minor
risorius

Answer 19

pterygoids

Question 20

Which of the following muscles aids in chewing without moving the mandible?

temporalis
mentalis
buccinator
levator anguli oris
splenius cervicis

Answer 20

buccinator

Question 21

Inhaling requires one to enlarge the thoracic cavity by _______ the diaphragm.

Answer 21

contracting

Question 22

The diaphragm attaches to itself on a structure called the ________

Answer 22

central tendon

Question 23

The ______ muscles, between the ribs, assist in inspiration and expiration.

Answer 23

intercostal

Question 24

When the ______ muscle contracts, it flattens out slightly, compressing the abdominal cavity.

Answer 24

diaphragm

Question 25

We breathe primarily by using muscles that enclose the ______ cavity.

Answer 25

thoracic

Question 26

These muscles include the diaphragm, the innermost muscles, and the internal and external ______ muscles.

Answer 26

intercostal

Question 27

The diaphragm is a muscular sheet between the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is a prime mover of ______

Answer 27

inspiration

Question 28

The internal intercostals ______ the ribs and expand the thoracic cavity during inspiration.

Answer 28

elevate

Question 29

The external intercostals ______ the ribs causing a partial vacuum effect resulting in an influx of air.

Answer 29

protract

Question 30

Which of these muscles of the pelvic floor is the deepest?

Superficial transverse perineal
Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus
Deep transverse perineal
Levator ani

Answer 30

Levator ani

Question 31

The abdominal aponeuroses converge on a median fibrous band on the abdomen called the __________ __________.

Answer 31

linea alba

Question 32

Which of the following muscles does not act on the vertebral column?

Serratus posterior superior
Iliocostalis thoracis
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis
Multifidus

Answer 32

Serratus posterior superior