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Anatomy > Reproductive Review Questions > Flashcards

Reproductive Review Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Why are polar bodies produced during
oogenesis?

a. To lessen the amount of estrogen that
is produced during the ovarian cycle
b. To hasten ovulation
c. To discard excess cytoplasm
d. To discard excess chromosomes
e. To increase the chances of sperm
penetration

A

d. To discard excess chromosomes

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2
Q

Which of the following is the correct pathway
of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

a. Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

b. Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

c. Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

d. Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

e. Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

A

d. Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

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3
Q

Which structure covers both the ovary and testes?
a. Vaginal coat

b. Parietal peritoneum
c. Broad ligament
d. Tunica albuginea
e. Tunica intima

A

d. Tunica albuginea

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4
Q

Which cells produce testosterone?

a. Seminiferous cells
b. Interstitial endocrine cells
c. Cumulus cells
d. Sustentacular cells
e. Spermatogonia

A

b. Interstitial endocrine cells

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5
Q

What is the pampiniform plexus?

a. A network of blood vessels that
supplies the ovaries
b. A network of blood vessels that
supplies the uterus
c. A network of blood vessels that facilitates maternal and fetal exchange
d. A network of veins that helps cool the blood to the scrotum
e. A network of veins that helps cool the blood to the penis

A

d. A network of veins that helps cool the blood to the scrotum

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6
Q

What is the function of the cremaster muscle?

a. It contracts to draw the testes close to
the body for warmth.
b. It becomes engorged with blood
during an erection.
c. It contributes to voluntary control of
urination.
d. It contracts during ejaculation to
assist in the movement of sperm
through the spermatic cord.
e. In most mammals, it serves to move
the tail but has no purpose in humans.

A

a. It contracts to draw the testes close to
the body for warmth.

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7
Q

Which of the following is not an adaptation for keeping the testes cool?

a. Descent of the testes to the scrotum
b. Pampiniform plexus
c. Cremaster muscle
d. The testicular artery
e. The dartos muscle

A

d. The testicular artery

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8
Q

What would one consequence be if a man suffers an injury to his cremaster?

a. Sterility
b. An undescended testis
c. A smooth scrotal sac
d. Erectile dysfunction

A

a. Sterility

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9
Q

Hypothetically, if the interstitial endocrine cells of a male were selectively killed off by an environmental toxin, which of the following would occur?

a. His testosterone levels would decrease.
b. He would experience increased hairiness (hisutism).
c. His voice would become deeper.
d. He would experience increased
virility.

A

His testosterone levels would decrease.

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10
Q

In the process of spermiogenesis, __________
become __________.

a. spermatocytes; spermatozoa
b. spermatozoa; spermatids
c. spermatogonia; spermatocytes
d. spermatocytes; spermatids
e. spermatids; spermatozoa

A

e. spermatids; spermatozoa

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11
Q

The acrosome contains enzymes used to __________.

a. dissolve the mucosa of the vagina
b. dissolve the mucosa of the uterus
c. dissolve the stickiness of the semen
d. penetrate the vagina
e. penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

A

e. penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

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12
Q

Which structure caps the head of a mature
sperm and enables the sperm to penetrate an egg?

a. Axoneme
b. Acrosome
c. Nucleus
d. Mitochondria
e. Flagellum

A

b. Acrosome

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13
Q

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

a. It inhibits urine production.
b. It develops calcified deposits that
block the urethra.
c. It produces thicker prostatic
secretions that block the urethra.
d. It inhibits the micturition reflex.
e. It compresses the urethra.

A

e. It compresses the urethra.

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14
Q

Which of the following structures serves to store sperm?

a. Prostate
b. Seminiferous tubules
c. Epididymis
d. Spermatic cord
e. Seminal vesicles

A

c. Epididymis

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15
Q

The golf-ball sized structure found inferior to the urinary bladder, and surrounding the most proximal portion of the urethra, is called the __________.

a. seminal vesicle
b. urethra
c. bulbourethral gland
d. prostate
e. ejaculatory duct

A

d. prostate

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16
Q

The __________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

a. spermatic cord
b. epididymis
c. rete testis
d. seminiferous tubules
e. ductus (vas) deferens

A

b. epididymis

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17
Q

If a man’s seminal fluid contained fewer prostaglandins than normal, what would one repercussion be?

a. Decreased uterine contractions
b. Increased sperm motility
c. Increased capacitation of sperm
d. Decreased sperm count

A

a. Decreased uterine contractions

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18
Q

Men have only one __________.

a. bulbourethral gland
b. prostate
c. ejaculatory duct
d. seminal vesicle
e. corpus cavernosum

A

b. prostate

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19
Q

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ___________.

a. epididymis
b. corpus spongiosum
c. corpus cavernosum
d. scrotum
e. ductus (vas) deferens

A

b. corpus spongiosum

20
Q

Which of the following fills the glans penis?

a. The prepuce
b. The bulbourethral glands
c. The corpus spongiosum
d. The corpus cavernosum
e. The external urinary meatus

A

c. The corpus spongiosum

21
Q

Which structure frequently causes problems with urination in elderly men?

a. Seminal vesicle
b. Penis
c. Epididymis
d. Prostate
e. Bulbourethral gland

A

d. Prostate

22
Q

The medial pole of the ovary is attached to the uterus by which ligament?

a. Suspensory ligament
b. Ovarian ligament
c. Mesovarium
d. Broad ligament

A

b. Ovarian ligament

23
Q

Which of the following is found in the ovarian cortex?

a. Only fibrous connective tissue and vessels
b. Ovarian follicles and connective tissue
c. The broad ligament
d. The round ligament
e. Ovarian follicles and connective
tissue, the broad ligament, and the
round ligament

A

b. Ovarian follicles and connective tissue

24
Q

When does oogenesis begin?

a. During embryonic development
b. At birth
c. During thelarche
d. During pubarche
e. During menarche

A

a. During embryonic development

25
Q

What is the release of an egg from the ovary
called?

a. Menarche
b. Puberty
c. Thelarche
d. Ovulation
e. Orgasm

A

d. Ovulation

26
Q

What is a follicle composed of?

An organ in the ovary
An oocyte
An oocyte enclosed in follicular or granulosa cells
A group of granulosa cells
A group of follicular cells

A

An oocyte enclosed in follicular or granulosa cells

27
Q

In the adult ovary, more than 90% of the follicles are in which stage of development?

a. Primary follicles
b. Secondary follicles
c. Tertiary follicles
d. Preovulatory follicles
e. Primordial follicles

A

e. Primordial follicles

28
Q

Which of the following regulates the second half of the menstrual cycle?

a. Corpus luteum
b. Corpus albicans
c. Corpus spongiosum
d. Posterior pituitary gland
e. Endometrium

A

a. Corpus luteum

29
Q

An ovarian follicle is considered a secondary follicle when it develops a cavity called the __________.

a. theca
b. cumulus
c. zona pellucida
d. antrum
e. stigma

A

d. antrum

30
Q

How many functional eggs are produced from one germ cell (oogonium) by the process of oogenesis?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 8
e. The number varies from month to month

A

a. 1

31
Q

When is the second meiotic division completed in a female gamete?

a. When 4 cells of equal size are produced
b. When the first polar body is discarded c. Shortly after ovulation
d. Immediately after fertilization
e. It occurs when a mature follicle
develops

A

d. Immediately after fertilization

32
Q

When does an ovum finish meiosis?

a. During fertilization
b. During implantation
c. While in a secondary follicle
d. While in a primary follicle
e. While in a tertiary follicle

A

a. During fertilization

33
Q

What is an ovulated egg more technically referred to as?

A primary oocyte
A secondary oocyte
A primary follicle
A secondary follicle
A tertiary follicle

A

A secondary oocyte

34
Q

All of the following processes are important in follicular development. Which one occurs first?

a. FSH secretion
b. Estrogen secretion
c. LH secretion
d. Prolactin secretion
e. GnRH secretion

A

e. GnRH secretion

35
Q

What structure leads from each ovary to the uterus?

a. Uterine tube
b. Vagina
c. Urethra
d. Vas deferens
e. Copulatory duct

A

a. Uterine tube

36
Q

Given that a secondary oocyte only survives about 24 hours if it is not fertilized, where does fertilization normally occur?

a. Uterine tube
b. Ovary
c. Uterus
d. Vagina

A

a. Uterine tube

37
Q

What is the layer of uterine mucosa shed in menstruation called?

a. Stratum basale
b. Stratum functionalis
c. Myometrium
d. Perimetrium
e. Stratum vasculare

A

b. Stratum functionalis

38
Q

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

a. Fimbrium
b. Myometrium
c. Endometrium
d. Cervix
e. Perimetrium

A

c. Endometrium

39
Q

The ischemic phase of the uterine cycle is brought on by vascular spasms, which in turn are a response to what?

a. Ovulation
b. Menstruation
c. Rising LH level
d. Falling progesterone level
e. Rising progesterone level

A

d. Falling progesterone level

40
Q

When do mammary glands primarily develop within the breasts?

a. During the last weeks of fetal development
b. At birth
c. During infancy
d. During puberty
e. During pregnancy

A

e. During pregnancy

41
Q

The Y chromosome codes for a protein called __________, which initiates development of male anatomy.

a. SRY (sex-determining region of the Y)
b. MIF (mullerian-inhibiting factor)
c. GDX (gender-determining region of
the X)
d. TDF (testis-determining factor)

A

d. TDF (testis-determining factor)

42
Q

If a male’s testes fail to descend before birth, a condition known as cryptorchidism, what would one possible repercussion be?

a. Reduced fertility
b. High androgen levels
c. Abnormally high rates of
spermatogenesis
d. Overactive seminal vesicles

A

a. Reduced fertility

43
Q

What is the cessation of menstruation referred to as?

a. Menarche
b. Menopause
c. Climacteric
d. Pubarche

A

b. Menopause

44
Q

The appearance of pubic and axillary hair is characteristic of which stage of puberty?

a. Menopause
b. Climacteric
c. Thelarche
d. Pubarche
e. Menarche

A

d. Pubarche

45
Q

What is menarche?

a. Age at which breasts begin to develop
b. Age at first ejaculation
c. Age of last menstruation
d. Age of first menstruation
e. Age at which a woman gives birth to
her first child

A

d. Age of first menstruation

Anatomy (37 decks)

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