Ch. 11 Muscular System Flashcards
(49 cards)
Aponeurosis
A thin, flat sheet of connective tissue that attaches to bones; helps with movement and posture
Atrophy
The progressive decline or wasting away of a body part, organ, tissue, or cell. decrease in muscle size
Fatigue
A physical or mental state of weariness that can be cause by exertion or other factors (health conditions, medications, habits, etc.)
Hypertrophy
The process by which cells enlarge, causing an organ or tissue to increase in size. increase in muscle size
Insertion
The point where the muscle attaches to a bone, tendon, or connective tissue that moves when the muscle contracts
Origin
The point where a muscle attaches to a bone that remains fixed during muscle contraction
Paralysis
The loss of muscle function in part or all of the body, caused by an issue with the messages sent between the brain and muscles
Posture
The position of the body in space, and how the body is held while sitting, standing, or moving
Tendon
Tough, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects a muscle to a bone or other structure
Tone
The amount of tension a muscle had at rest, or its resistance to passive stretching
What are the 3 types of muscular tissue?
-skeletal
-cardiac
-smooth
Skeletal muscle location
Muscles of body
Skeletal muscle function
Movement of bones
Skeletal muscle appearance
-Straited (regular)
-multinucleated
Skeletal muscle control
Voluntary
Cardiac muscle location
Heart
Cardiac muscle function
Pumping of blood
Cardiac muscle appearance
-striated (irregular)
-single nucleus
Cardiac muscle control
Involuntary
Smooth muscle location
-viscera (organs)
-Ex: blood vessels, bladder, stomach
Smooth muscle function
-movement
-change in size, depends on structure
Smooth muscle appearance
-no striations
-single nucleus
Smooth muscle control
Involuntary
Functions of skeletal muscles
-movement
-heat production
-posture
