Ch 12 - 2

Question 1

Anxiety

Answer 1

(problems in which anxiety impedes daily functioning)

ex. Generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobic disorder

Question 2

Somatic symptom and related disorders

Answer 2

(psychological difficulties displayed through physical problems)

llness anxiety disorder, conversion disorder

Question 3

Depressive disorders

Answer 3

(emotions of sadness and despair that significantly affect functioning)

Major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder

Question 4

Bipolar and related disorders

Answer 4

disturbances in mood that are so strong they intrude on everyday living

Bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder

Question 5

Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders

Answer 5

(declines in functioning, thought and language disturbances, perception disorders, emotional disturbances, withdrawing)

Delusional disorder, schizotypal disorder, schizophrenia

Question 6

Personality disoder

Answer 6

(problems that create little personal distress but that lead to an inability to function as a normal member of society)

Antisocial (sociopathic) personality disorder,
borderline personality disorder narcissistic
personality disorder

Question 7

Sexual

Answer 7

(problems related to sexual arousal from unusual objects or problems related
to functioning)

Paraphilic disorders, sexual dysfunction

Question 8

Substance-related

Answer 8

(problems related to drug dependence and abuse)

Alcohol, amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine, opioids

Question 9

Trauma- and stressor-related disorders

Answer 9

(diagnoses in which exposure to a traumatic
or stressful event is a necessary diagnostic criterion)

Reactive attachment disorder, post-traumatic
stress disorder

Question 10

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)

Answer 10

system, devised by the American Psychiatric Association, used by most professionals to diagnose and classify abnormal behaviour.

Question 11

DSM-5 diagnosticians

Answer 11

use clients’ reported symptoms to identify the specific problem an individual is experiencing.

The manual takes an atheoretical approach to identifying psychological disorders but some have argued that it is too heavily based on a medical model.

Question 12

DSM-5 is primarily descriptive

Answer 12

and avoids suggesting an underlying cause for an individual’s behaviour and problems.

Question 13

DSM-5 has the advantage of providing a descriptive system

Answer 13

that does not specify the cause of or reason for a problem; rather, it paints a picture of the
behaviour that is being displayed.

Question 14

David Rosenhan (1973)

Answer 14

and eight colleagues conducted an experiment,
where they each stated that he or she was hearing voices

Question 15

Critics of the DSM

Answer 15

argue that labelling an individual as abnormal provides a dehumanizing, lifelong stigma.

Question 16

After an initial diagnosis has been made,

Answer 16

mental health professionals, who may
concentrate on the initial diagnostic category, could overlook other diagnostic possibilities.

Question 17

DSM-5 isn’t always sucessful

Answer 17

even though it was developed to provide more accurate and consistent diagnoses of psychological disorders.

Question 18

critics suggest that DSM-5 compartmentalizes people

Answer 18

into inflexible, all-or-none categories rather than considering the degree to which a person displays psychologically disordered behaviour.

Question 19

Some psychiatrists condemn DSM-5

Answer 19

or viewing psychological disorders primarily in terms of the symptoms of an underlying physiological disorder.