Ch 14 pathology

Question 1

Regions or areas of subcutaneous swelling caused by an allergic reaction to food or drugs

Answer 1

Angioedema

Question 2

Complete cessation of urinary secretion by the kidneys

Answer 2

Anuria

Question 3

Elevated or indented bladder floor

Answer 3

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 4

Act of voiding or urination

Answer 4

micturition

Question 5

agent that increases excretion of urine

Answer 5

diuretic

Question 6

Therapeutic technique that uses sound waves to shatter large kidney stones into small particles that can be passed

Answer 6

lithotripsy

Question 7

presence of bacteria in the urine

Answer 7

bacteriuria

Question 8

presence of gas in the urine

Answer 8

pnuemoiuria

Question 9

the inability of a kidney to excrete metabolites at normal plasma levels, or the inability to retain electrolytes under conditions of normal intake

Answer 9

renal failure

Question 10

excess in the blood of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism

Answer 10

uremia

Question 11

excretion of a diminished amount of urine in relation to fluid intake

Answer 11

oliguria

Question 12

fecal matter in the urine

Answer 12

fecaluria

Question 13

glucose in the urine

Answer 13

glucosuria

Question 14

blood in the urine

Answer 14

hematuria

Question 15

excessive inferior displacement of the kidney when erect

Answer 15

nephroptosis

Question 16

passage of a large volume or urine in relation to fluid intake during a given period

Answer 16

polyuria

Question 17

presence of excessive serum protein levels in the urine

Answer 17

proteinuria

Question 18

absence of formation of a kidney

Answer 18

renal agenesis

Question 19

inability to void which may be due to obstruction in the urethra or lack of sensation to urine

Answer 19

retention

Question 20

involuntary passage of urine

Answer 20

urinary incontinence

Question 21

backward or return flow of urine from bladder into ureter and kidney

Answer 21

urinary reflux

Question 22

infection that frequently occurs in adults and children caused by bacteria, virus, fungi, or certain parasites

Answer 22

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Question 23

an enlargement of the prostate- can cause urethral compression and obstruction

Answer 23

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 24

stones that form in the urinary bladder

Answer 24

bladder calculi

Question 25

tumor that include hematuria and frequency in urination

Answer 25

bladder carcinoma

Question 26

involves 2 ureters and or the renal pelvis originating from the same kidney

Answer 26

duplication of the ureter and renal pelvis

Question 27

normal kidney that fails to ascend into the abdomen but remains in the pelvis

Answer 27

ectopic kidney

Question 28

fusion of the kidneys

Answer 28

horseshoe kidney

Question 29

abnormal rotation of the kidney

Answer 29

malrotation

Question 30

inflammation of the urinary bladder caused by bacterial or fungal infection

Answer 30

cystitis

Question 31

inflammation of the capillary loops of the glomeruli of the kidneys

Answer 31

glomerulonephritis (bright's disease)

Question 32

disorder marked by cysts scattered throughout one or both kidneys

Answer 32

polycystic kidney disease

Question 33

calcifications that occur in the luminal aspect of the urinary tract

Answer 33

renal calculi

Question 34

large stone that grows and fills the renal pelvis completely, blocking flow of urine

Answer 34

staghorn calculus

Question 35

most frequent type of malignant tumor of the kidney

Answer 35

renal cell carcinoma

Question 36

distention of the renal pelvis and calyces of the kidneys that results from some obstruction of the ureters or renal pelvis

Answer 36

hydronephrosis

Question 37

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by pyogenic bacteria

Answer 37

pyelonephritis

Question 38

increased blood pressure to the kidney through the renal artery due to atherosclerosis

Answer 38

renal hypertension

Question 39

may be caused by necrotic debris, calculus, thrombus, or trauma

Answer 39

renal obstruction

Question 40

during IVU reduced perfusion of contrast media through the kidney

Answer 40

acute obstruction

Question 41

during IVU, collecting system might be opacified, but calyces may show signs of enlargement and hydronephrosis

Answer 41

chronic/partial obstruction

Question 42

fistula that forms between the urinary bladder and rectum or aspects of the colon

Answer 42

vesicorectal fistula

Question 43

Leakage of iodinated contrast media outside the vessel and into surrounding soft tissue

Answer 43

Extravasation (infiltration)

Question 44

Inflammation of a vein

Answer 44

Phlebitis