CH 15 The ANS

Question 0

where does the main input to the ANS come from?

Answer 0

autonomic(visceral) sensory neurons

Question 1

what is the peripheral nervous system divided into?

Answer 1

somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system, and the enteric nervous system

Question 2

autonomic motor neurons regulate activities by either exciting or inhibiting activities in what 3 effector tissues.

Answer 2

cardiac mm, smooth mm, and glands

Question 3

where is the cell body of a preganglionic neuron?

Answer 3

the CNS

Question 4

where does the myelinated axon of a preganglionic neuron synapse with the postganglionic neuron?

Answer 4

the autonomic ganglion- which is a collection of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS or it may go to the adrenal medulla

Question 5

Is the axon of a postganglionic neuron myelinated or non-myelinated

Answer 5

non-myelinated

Question 6

what do all somatic motor neurons release?

Answer 6

acetylcholine

Question 7

what neurotransmitters are released by autonomic motor neurons?

Answer 7

acetylcholine or norepinephrine

Question 8

what type of fiber is a preganglionic neuron?

Answer 8

a small-diameter, myelinated type B fiber

Question 9

what type of fiber is the axon of a postganglionic neuron?

Answer 9

a small-diameter, unmyelinated, type C fiber

Question 10

where in the sympathetic division does the preganglionic neuron have their cell bodies?

Answer 10

lateral horns of gray matter

Question 11

what is the other name for the sympathetic division?

Answer 11

thoracolumbar division

Question 12

the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division are located in the nuclei of what four cranial nerves?

Answer 12

CN III
CN VII
CN IX
CN X
and the lateral grey horn of S2-S4

Question 13

what is the parasympathetic division also known as?

Answer 13

craniosacral division

Question 14

what are the two major types of sympathetic ganglia?

Answer 14

sympathetic trunk ganglia and the prevertebral ganglia

Question 15

what are the specific names of the sympathetic trunk ganglia( AKA: paravertebral,and vertebral chain ganglia) in the neck?

Answer 15

superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia

Question 16

what are the five major prevertebral ganglia?

Answer 16

celiac ganglia
superior mesenteric ganglion
inferior mesenteric ganglion
aorticorenal ganglion
renal ganglion

Question 17

where do the preganglionic axons of the parasympathetic division synapse with postganglionic neurons?

Answer 17

terminal(intramural) ganglia

Question 18

where are terminal ganglia located?

Answer 18

within the wall of a visceral organ

Question 19

what are the specific names of the terminal ganglia in the head?

Answer 19

ciliary ganglion, pterygopalatine ganglion, submandibular ganglion, and otic ganglion

Question 20

which parasympathetic ganglion cell bodies are found in CN7?

Answer 20

pterygopalatine ganglion, and the submandibular ganglion

Question 21

which parasympathetic ganglion cell body is found in CN III

Answer 21

ciliary ganglion

Question 22

which parasympathetic ganglion cell body is found in CN10

Answer 22

otic ganglion

Question 23

how many postganglionic neurons synapse with a single sympathetic preganglionic fiber?

Answer 23

20 or more

Question 24

what is the largest autonomic plexus?

Answer 24

the celiac(solar) plexus

Question 25

what does the superior mesenteric plexus supply?

Answer 25

small and large intestine

Question 26

what does the inferior mesenteric plexus supply?

Answer 26

the large intestine

Question 27

what do the superior cervical ganglion supple?

Answer 27

head and heart

Question 28

what do the middle cervical, and inferior cervical ganglion innervate?

Answer 28

the heart

Question 29

preganglionic axons from T5-T9 or T10 forms what nerve?

Answer 29

greater splanchnic nerve

Question 30

preganglionic axons from T10-T11 forms what nerve?

Answer 30

the lesser splanchnic nerve

Question 31

which nerves pierce the diaphragm?

Answer 31

the greater splanchnic nerve, lesser splanchnic nerve, and the least(lowest) splanchnic nerve

Question 32

what neurotransmitter do cholinergic neurons release?

Answer 32

acetylcholine

Question 33

in the ANS what neurons are considered cholinergic neurons?

Answer 33

all sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons, sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate most sweat glands, and all parasympathetic postganglionic neurons

Question 34

what neurotransmitter does nicotine mimic when binding to nicotinic receptors?

Answer 34

ACh

Question 35

in the ANS what do adrenergic neurons release?

Answer 35

norepinephrine

Question 36

what binds to adrenergic receptors?

Answer 36

norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 37

true or false: norepinephrine is considered a neurotransmitter and a hormone

Answer 37

true

Question 38

do the pupils dilate or constrict during the fight-or-flight response?

Answer 38

the pupils dilate

Question 39

where is the main integrating center for most autonomic reflexes?

Answer 39

hypothalamus and the brain stem

Question 40

an exaggerated response of the sympathetic division of the ANS that occurs with an individual with a spinal cord injury at or above the level of T6

Answer 40

autonomic dysreflexia

Question 41

How many different groups of autonomic ganglia are there ?

Answer 41

3) Paravertebral (symp) Prevertebral (symp) Terminal (intramural) ganglia (para)

Question 42

Cilia, Optic, and Submandibular are what kind of autonomic ganglia ?

Answer 42

Parasympathetic (terminal)

Question 43

Which splanchnic nerve does not pierce the diaphragm

Answer 43

Lumbar splanchnic