Chapter 6: Bone Tissue

Question 1

Where is the epiphyseal (growth) plate located?

Answer 1

Metaphyses

Question 2

Two abundant minerals bone stores

Answer 2

Calcium and phosphorus

Question 3

What’s age does bone cease to grow in length

Answer 3

18-21

Question 4

Role of articular cartilage

Answer 4

Reduces friction and shock at freely moveable joints

Question 5

What attaches the periosteum to underlying bone?

Answer 5

Perforating ( Sharpeys fibers) which are bundles of collagen that extend from bone to EXtracellular matrix

Question 6

What helps protect the bone, assists in fracture repair, helps nourish the bone, and serves as an attachment point for ligaments and tendons

Answer 6

Periosteum

Question 7

What does hemopoiesis produce ?

Answer 7

RBC WBC and platelets

Question 8

What thin membrane lines the medullary cavity?

Answer 8

Endosteum

Question 9

What contains red bone marrow?

Answer 9

Spongy bone tissue of epiphysis and metaphysis

Question 10

What does bones flexibility depend on?

Answer 10

Collagen fibers

Question 11

Bone stem cells are known as ?

Answer 11

Osteogenic cells

Question 12

Cells in bone that are able to undergo cell division and develop into osteoblasts

Answer 12

Osteogenic cells

Question 13

What do osteoblasts develop into when they become trapped in their own secretions ?

Answer 13

Osteocytes

Question 14

Calcification is initiated by what bone cell ?

Answer 14

Osteoblasts

Question 15

True or false 80% of the skeleton is compact bone and 20% is spongy bone

Answer 15

True

Question 16

This bone cell is developed from 50 monocytes (WBC), contains a ruffled border, and helps regulate blood calcium levels

Answer 16

Osteoclasts

Question 17

Strongest form of bone, makes up bulk of diaphysis, contains few spaces, resists stresses produced by weight and movement

Answer 17

Compact bone

Question 18

Compact bone tissue is composed of repeating structural units called ….?

Answer 18

Osteons or haversian systems

Question 19

Resembles growth of ring of tree, these are circular plates of mineralized EXtracellular matrix

Answer 19

Concentric lamellae

Question 20

Between concentric lamellae and contain osteocytes

Answer 20

Lacunae

Question 21

Filled with ECF these radiate from all directions of lacunae

Answer 21

Canaliculi

Question 22

The center of a haversian system

Answer 22

Central (haversian) canal

Question 23

True or false spongy bone constrains Osteons?

Answer 23

False- it consists of trabeculae surrounding many red bone marrow filled spaces

Question 24

Blood vessels, lymphatic sand nerves penetrate compact bone through what ?

Answer 24

Perforating canals or Volkmannx canals

Question 25

In contact bone are Osteons aligned vertically or parallel to the length of the diaphysis ?

Answer 25

Parallel

Question 26

What type of bone helps to resist stresses and transfer force. Located where not heavy stresses occur but stresses occur from many directions

Answer 26

Spongy bone

Question 27

Where does hemopoiesis occur in adults

Answer 27

Spongy bone in Hips, ribs, sternum, vertebrae and proximal ends of the humerous and femur

Question 28

A hole in the center of the diaphysis for an artery

Answer 28

Nutrient foremen

Question 29

Type of bone formation that forms bone directly in the menenchyme which is arranged in sheet like layers

Answer 29

Intramembranous ossification

Question 30

Type of bone formation that forms within hyaline cartilage

Answer 30

Enchondral ossification

Question 31

4 steps to Intramembranous ossification

Answer 31

1) development of ossification center 2) calcification 3) formation of trabeculae 4) development of periosteum

Question 32

Bone growth resulting I an increase in length

Answer 32

Interstitial (endogenous) growth

Question 33

Bone growth in thickness is known as ..?

Answer 33

Apposition all (exogenous) growth

Question 34

4 zones of resting cartilage in order

Answer 34

1) zone of resting cartilage 2) zone of peroliferating cartilage 3) zone of hypertrophic cartilage 4) zone of calcified cartilage

Question 35

What zone of the epiphyseal growth plate do Chondrichthyes undergo interstitial growth ?

Answer 35

Zone of proliferating cartilage

Question 36

Name the 6 stages of Enchondral ossification

Answer 36

1) development of cartilage model 2) growth of cartilage 3) development of primary ossification center 4) development of medullary cavity 5) development of secondary ossification center 6) formation of articulating cartilage

Question 37

Where does the secondary ossification center develop in Enchondral ossification ?

Answer 37

Epiphysis