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Anatomy M01 Exam 3 > Ch 16 > Flashcards

Ch 16 Flashcards

1
Q

What are general senses?

A

Taste, touch, sight, smell, hearing

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2
Q

Specialized sensory receptors are not localized to what?

A

The head

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3
Q

What is gestation and olfacton?

A

Taste and smell?

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4
Q

What is another name for chemoreceptors?

A

Receptors

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5
Q

What is the name of two types of gustation papillae (taste buds)?

A

Fungiform (not taste bud, appreciated food texture)

Circumvallate

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6
Q

What are the five qualities of taste?

A

Sweet

Sour

Salty

Bitter

Vmami, “deliriousness”

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7
Q

What are the three cell types in all senses?

A

Supporting cells

Sense cells (gustatory, olfactory, etc.)

Basal cells

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8
Q

Where are the olfactory receptors?

A

In the olfactory epithelium

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9
Q

What percentage of sensory receptors are in the eyes?

A

70%

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10
Q

What percentage of the cerebral cortex is involved with processing visual information?

A

40%

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11
Q

What is the name of the eye transparent muscous membrane?

A

Conjunctiva

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12
Q

What does lacrimal mean?

A

Relating to the tear gland

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13
Q

What is the lacrimal sac?

A

Tear duct

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14
Q

What is a tunic?

A

Covering or organ

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15
Q

What are the three eyeball tunics?

A

Fibrous layer (outermost)

Vascular layer

Retina (photoreceptors)

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16
Q

What is the names of the two eyeball fluids?

A

Aqueous humor

Vitreous humor

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17
Q

What is the sclera?

A

The white of the eye

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18
Q

What is the cornea?

A

The transparent anterior

The window of the eye

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19
Q

What allows the aqueous humor to drain?

A

The sclaera venous sinus

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20
Q

Where in the eyball is the vascular layer located?

A

In the outer choroid

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21
Q

Where is the choroid located?

A

Between the retina and scalara

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22
Q

What is the iris?

A

Blue colored part of the eye

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23
Q

What is the iris made of?

A

Smooth muscle

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24
Q

What is the pupil?

A

The hole that lets light in the eye

Dilates/constricts

Sphincter pupillae muscle

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25
Q

What is the retina?

A

Has photoreceptors

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26
Q

What are the neurons in the retina?

A

Ganglion

Bipolar cells

Photoreceptors

27
Q

Are the rods or cones more sensitive to light and color?

A

Rods: Light

Cones: Color

28
Q

What is Age-related macular degeneration?

A

Build up of pigments in the retina

Leading cause of blindness in western hemisphere “Doughnut vision”

29
Q

What is the blind spot called?

A

Optical disc

No photoreceptors

30
Q

What is the region of greatest visual acuity?

A

Fovea centralis

31
Q

Where does the retina receive its blood supply?

A

Choroid capillaries

Central artery and vein of the retinal

32
Q

What two items divides the eye?

A

Lens and ciliary zondule

33
Q

What is near sighted and far sighted called?

A

Myopia and hyperopia

34
Q

What are the three regions of the ear?

A

Outer ear - hearing

Middle ear - hearing

Inner ear - hearing and equilbrium

35
Q

What is the name of the ear canal?

A

External acoustic meatus

36
Q

Where is the typanic membrane located?

A

In the outer ear

37
Q

What is another name for the eustachian tube?

A

Pharyngotympanic tube

38
Q

What are the names of the ear ossicles?

A

Malleus - hammer

Incus - anvil

Stapes - stirrup

39
Q

Name the three canals

A

Anterior canal

Posterior canal

Lateral canal

40
Q

Name the three cochlea vestibules and membranes

A
41
Q

What are the balancing apparatus in the inner ear?

A

Utricle “leather bag”

Saccule

Housed in the macula

42
Q

What detects rotational acceleraton?

A

The semicircular canals

43
Q

What do the gustatory and olfactory receptors sense?

A

Chemicals

44
Q

Which cranial nerves innervate the tongue?

A

VII - Facial

IX - Glossopharyngeal

X - Vagus

45
Q

Which layer are the photoreceptors located in?

A

Retina

46
Q

What is the function of the humor?

A

Supplies nutrients to the lens and cornea

47
Q

What does the ciliary muscle do?

A

Adjusts the lens shape for distance

48
Q

What are the eye’s refractory media?

A

Lens

Cornea

Humors

49
Q

Which structures are involved with the entrance of light into the eye?

A

Cornea

Anterior segment

Pupil

Lens

50
Q

What optic structure is damaged by glaucoma and how?

A

The optic nerve

Eye pressure

51
Q

How is the light pathway different than the neural pathway?

A

Light enters the front of the eye

Photoreceptor info exits the optic nerve

52
Q

Which bone is attached to the tympanic membrane?

A

Temporal bone

53
Q

Which middle ear structure vibrates on the the oval window?

A

The stapes (stirrup)

54
Q

The round and oval windows are in what ear chamber?

A

The middle chamber

55
Q

Which organ detects sound waves?

A

The ear

56
Q

Where are the tear ducts produced and where are they drained?

A

Produced: Lacrimal gland

Drained: Nasolacrimal duct

57
Q

What is trachoma?

A

A contagious infection of the conjunctiva

58
Q

What part of the eye is mostly cones?

A

The macula lutea

59
Q

How is the bony labyrinth different than the membranous labyrinth?

A

Bony: Filled with CSF, has semicircular canals

Membranous: Fits within bony

Filled with endolymph (hearing and balance)

60
Q

Sketch out the eye anatomy

A
61
Q

Sketch out the inner ear anatomy

A
62
Q

Sketch out the light path to the retina

A
63
Q

Which neural layer facers the vitreous humor?

A

The retina

64
Q
A

Anatomy M01 Exam 3 (10 decks)

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