Flashcards in ch 16 Deck (77)
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1
the intro of materials into the digestive tract by the mouth
ingestion
2
the chemical breakdown of ingested materials into simple molecules that can be absorbed by the cells of the digestive tract
digestion
3
the active or passive uptake of gases, fluids, nutrients, or solutes
absorption
4
elimination from the body
excretion
5
a mucous membrane; the epithelium and the lamina propria
mucosa
6
layer of smooth muscle beneath the lamina propria; responsible for moving the mucosal surface
muscularis mucosae
7
region between the muscularis mucosae and the muscularis externa
submucosa
8
concentric layer of smooth muscle responsible for peristalsis
muscularis externa
9
parasympathetic motor neurons and sympathetic post ganglionic fibers located between the circular an ongitudinal layers of the musularis externa
myentric plexus
10
a double layer of serous membrane that supports and stabilizes the position of an organ in the abdominopelvic cavity and provides a route for the associated blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
mesentery
11
superficial layer of connective tissue surrounding an internal organ; fibers are continuous with those of surrounding tissues, providing support and stabilization
adventitia
12
a wave of smooth muscle contractions that propels materials along the axis of a tube such as the digestive tract, ureters, or the ductus deferens
peristalsis
13
pertaining to the cheeks
buccal
14
lip, majora and minora are componenets of the female external genitalia
labium/labia
15
the bony roof of the oral cavity, formed by the maxillary and palatine bones
hard palate
16
fleshy posterior extension of the hard palate, separating the nasopharynx from the oral cavity
soft palate
17
an epithelial fold that attaches the inferior surface of the tongue to the floor of the mouth
lingual frenulum
18
an enzyme present in some exocrine secretions that has antibiotic properties
lysozyme
19
chewing
mastication
20
crystalline material similar in mineral composition to bone, but harder and without osteocytes, that covers the exposed surfaces of the teeth
enamel
21
bonelike material that forms the body of a tooth; unlike bone, it lacks osteocytes and osteons
dentin
22
internal chamber in a tooth, containing blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, and the cells that maintain the dentin
pulp cavity
23
a premolar tooth
bicuspid
24
bicuspids; teeth with flattened surfaces located anterior to the molar teeth
premolars
25
the throat; a muscular passageway shared by the digestive and respiratory tracts
pharynx
26
a muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
27
swallowing
deglutition
28
a compact mass; usually refers to compacted ingested material on its way to the stomach
bolus
29
a semifluid mixture of ingested food and digestive secretions that is in the stomach and proximal small intestine as digestion proceeds
chyme
30
