Ch. 16: Skin

Question 1

crust

Answer 1

collection of dried serum and cellular debris

Question 2

cyst

Answer 2

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material

Question 3

erosion

Answer 3

wearing away or loss of epidermis

Question 4

fissure

Answer 4

groove or crack-like sore

Question 5

macule

Answer 5

flat, pigmented lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter

Question 6

nodule

Answer 6

solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter

Question 7

papule

Answer 7

small (less than 1 cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin

Question 8

pustule

Answer 8

papule containing pus

Question 9

ulcer

Answer 9

open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeperr erosion)

Question 10

vesicle

Answer 10

small collection of clear fluid (serum); blister

Question 11

wheal

Answer 11

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is centrally redder than the surrounding skin

Question 12

alopecia

Answer 12

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows

Question 13

ecchymosis

Answer 13

bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin

Question 14

petechia

Answer 14

small, pinpoint hemorrhage

Question 15

pruritus

Answer 15

itching

Question 16

acne

Answer 16

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increase production of serum

Question 17

burns

Answer 17

injury to tissues caused by heat contact

Question 18

cellulitis

Answer 18

diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

Question 19

eczema
(atopic dermatitis)

Answer 19

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular, or papulosquamous lesions

Question 20

exanthematous viral diseases

Answer 20

rash (exanthem) of the skin due to a viral infection

Question 21

gangrene

Answer 21

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

Question 22

impetigo

Answer 22

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules and crusted-over lesions

Question 23

psoriasis

Answer 23

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

Question 24

scabies

Answer 24

contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus

Question 25

scleroderma

Answer 25

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue

Question 26

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 26

chronic autoimmune inflammtaory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

Question 27

tinea

Answer 27

infection of the skin caused by a fungus

Question 28

urticaria (hives)

Answer 28

acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin

Question 29

vitiligo

Answer 29

loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches)

Question 30

callus

Answer 30

increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction

Question 31

keloid

Answer 31

excess hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision

Question 32

keratosis

Answer 32

thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage

Question 33

leukoplakia

Answer 33

white, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek (evolves to squamous cell carcinoma)

Question 34

nervus

Answer 34

pigmented lesion of the skin

Question 35

verruca

Answer 35

epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus

Question 36

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 36

malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

Question 37

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 37

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

Question 38

malignant melanoma

Answer 38

cancerous growth composed of melanocytes

Question 39

kaposi sarcoma

Answer 39

malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules

Question 40

bacterial analyses

Answer 40

samples of skin are examined for presence of microorganisms

Question 41

fungal tests

Answer 41

scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic identification of fungal infection

Question 42

cryosrugery

Answer 42

use of subfreezing temperature achieved with liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue

Question 43

curettage

Answer 43

use of a sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion

Question 44

electrodesiccation

Answer 44

tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark

Question 45

Mohs surgery

Answer 45

thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined microscopically to check for adequate extent of the resection

Question 46

skin biopsy

Answer 46

suspicious skin lesions are removed or sampled and examined microscopically by a pathologist

Question 47

skin test

Answer 47

substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin, and results aer observed