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Science 8 > CH 2 Defintions > Flashcards

CH 2 Defintions Flashcards

1
Q

Define Simple Machine

A

A device that requires a single force to work: made of only one or two parts

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2
Q

Define Fulcrum

A

The pivot point of a lever

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3
Q

Define Load Arm

A

The part that extends from the fulcrum to the mass being moved

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4
Q

Define Effort Arm

A

The part of a lever that extends from the fulcrum to where the force is applied

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5
Q

Define Input Force

A

The effort force applied to the lever

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6
Q

Define Output Force

A

The force the lever applies to the load

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7
Q

Define Load Force

A

The force that the input force has to overcome in order to cause movement

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8
Q

Define Magnitude

A

The quanity of force

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9
Q

Define Newton

A

The unit used to measure forces (N)

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10
Q

Define Friction

A

The force that resists the movement of objects sliding or rolling over one another

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11
Q

Define Static Friction

A

The force that holds a motionless object where it is, preventing it fron being moved across another objects surface

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12
Q

Define Sliding Friction

A

The force that acts like a brake when one surface slides over another surface

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13
Q

Define Lubricant

A

A substance that reduces friction and causes surfaces to slide more easily

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14
Q

Define Mechanical Advantage (MA)

A

The ratio of output force to input force for a given machine

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15
Q

Define Ideal Mechanical Advantage

A

The mechanical advantage of a machine if all of the input force is converted into output force; never possible in real-world applications

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16
Q

Define Actual Mechanical Advantage

A

The mechanical advantage of a machine in real-world applications; equal to ideal mechanical advantage minus force lost friction, slippage, and distortion

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17
Q

Define Work

A

The result when a force moves an object a certain distance

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18
Q

Define Energy

A

The ability to apply a force to move an object distance

19
Q

Define Archimedes’ Screw

A

Archimedes’ Screw is a device used in many cultures to lift water

20
Q

Define Auger

A

Auger is a hand tool with a long blade that looks sort of like a screw, which drills holes when turned

21
Q

Define Gear

A

A Gear is a Modified Wheel and Axle. Gears are Toothed Wheels, most commonly made of Metal or Plastic. They are used to Speed Up Or Slow Down Motion, Or To Change The Direction Of Motion

22
Q

Define Lever

A

A Lever Are Designed so that The Force Applied to One Part of the Lever Can Be Changed Or Redirected In Order To Move A Load.

23
Q

Define Pulley

A

Pulleys are used to help lift heavy loads or change the direction of a force.

24
Q

Define Wedge

A

Wedge is a Force that Can Raise Objects Or Split Objects

25
Q

Define Screw

A

Screw is a Simpe Machine to Apply Tremendous Force With No Effort

26
Q

Define Fixed Pulley

A

Fixed Pulley is used to Lift Heavy Objects

27
Q

Define Moveable Pulley

A

Moveable Pulley Reduces the Amount of Force Used by One Half

28
Q

Define Pulley

A

Pulley is a Simple Machine Made Up of a Wheel on a Post With a Wheel or Cable Around It

29
Q

Define Gravitational Force (Gravity)

A

Pull of Earth

30
Q

Define Magnetic Force

A

magnetic pull; magnetic push

31
Q

Define Electrical Force (Electricity)

A

static cling; static electricity; force of an electric current; force of lightning

32
Q

Define Mechanical Force

A

muscular force; hurricane force; slapshot; punch

33
Q

Define Friction Force (Friction)

A

rubbing; abrasion; roughness; force of resistance

34
Q

Define Tensile Force

A

tightening

35
Q

Define Compressive Force

A

crush; squash; squeeze; press; pinch; grip

36
Q

Define Rotational Force

A

twist; turn; wring; coil; twirl

37
Q

Define Mass

A

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter or material in an object

38
Q

Define Weight

A

Weight is a measure of how strong the force of gravity is between two objects.

39
Q

Define Twisting

A

Rotational Force

40
Q

Define Units of Work

A
41
Q

Define Class 1 levers

A
42
Q

Define measured input force

A
43
Q

define measured output force

A
44
Q

define inclined plane

A

Science 8 (26 decks)

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