CH 7 Test Material & EXTRAS

Question 1

List some Fluids

Answer 1

1. toilet flushing
2. sink
3. mouth wash
4. tooth paste
5. milk
6. soap
7. water
8. gasoline
9. car cleaner (winter) gasoline wont freeze
10. cleaning windshield
11. lake
12. blood
13. olive oil
14. hand sanitizer
15. sweat
16. shower
17. shampoo
18. watering plants
19. boiling milk
20. boiling water
21. laundry detergent
22. laundry machine
23. paint
24. nail polish
25. eye contact solution
26. urinating
27. latering of soap
28. Dish soap

Question 2

Describe Solids, Liquids, Gases

Answer 2

solid has a definite shape and volume
liquids dont have a definite shape, they have definite volume
gases dont have a definite shape or volume

Question 3

What is the partical theory?

Answer 3

• all matter is made of tiny particles
• particles have empty spaces between them
• particles are moving randomly all the time
• particles move faster and spread farther apart when they are heated
• particles attract each other

Question 4

Glaciers are classifed both what and why?

Answer 4

Glaciers are a fluid (liquid) and a solid. This is because when they melt they become a fluid (liquid)

Question 5

What are the types of flow?

Answer 5

Laminar flow is smooth and regular; turbulent flow is choppy and irregular.

Question 6

Whats an advantage for turbulent flow for fish

Answer 6

turbulenet flow in a river creates oxygen for fish and other animals

Question 7

What is an eddy (simplified)

Answer 7

eddy is a calm area behind rocks on a tubulent flow

Question 8

What is the functions of blood in the body

Answer 8

To deliver oxygen to the body as well as remove waste from cells

Question 9

Why someone would need dialysis?

Answer 9

Dialysis is a treatment for people with kidney problems. It helps remove waste and excess fluid from their blood when their kidneys can’t do it on their own. It acts as a substitute for their kidneys. It can be necessary for people with kidney failure or other kidney diseases.

Question 10

What is an Eddy and its purpose

Answer 10

An Eddy is an area of slower-moving fluid that occurs behind an obstacle

An eddy’s purpose is to help distribute nutrients, oxygen, and other important stuff in bodies of water.

Question 11

What is the formula for flow rate and how to calculate it

Answer 11

flow rate = volume of fluid
amount of time

Question 12

Describe Laminar Flow

Answer 12

Laminar flow is when fluids move in orderly lines or along smooth pathways. In pipes and hoses, laminar flow allows fluids to move quickly with more energy.

Question 13

Objects that are streamlimed have shapes that what?

Answer 13

Objects that are streamlined have shapes that reduce turbulence and create more laminar flow.

Question 14

Managing fluid flow can create problems as well as solve them. Explain why

Answer 14

Heavy rains can cause turbulent flow in rivers, resulting in erosion of riverbanks. Concrete linings create more laminar flow and prevent soil erosion.

Question 15

What does it mean when something’s more viscous

Answer 15

When something is more viscous, it means that it’s thicker and flows more slowly. It’s like honey compared to water. The higher the viscosity, the more resistance there is to flow. (least number) :. Ketchup (1.2ml/s) is more viscous than Cooking Oil (6ml/s)

Question 16

Use the term “viscosity” to explain how wetting agents are used to help fight fires.

Answer 16

wetting agents are used to reduce the viscosity of water. By doing this, the water can spread more easily and extinguish fires more effectively.

Question 17

How does adhesion affect flow rate?

Answer 17

Adhesion causes gases and liquids to travel faster near the centre of pipesand tubes than at the edges. The fluid’s attraction to the material the pipes and tubes are made of slows down the flow of the fluid.

Question 18

Explain why fluids travel faster near the centre of pipes and tubes than at the edges.

Answer 18

Fluids in pipes tend to move faster near the center and slower at the edges due to laminar flow. In the center, fluid particles experience less friction with the pipe walls, allowing them to move faster, while particles near the edges experience more friction and thus move slower.

Question 19

Give an example in real life that shows adhesion at work.

Answer 19

An example of adhesion in real life is when water droplets stick to the surface of a window or a mirror. The water molecules are attracted to the molecules on the surface, causing them to stick together.

Question 20

Describe the relationship between flow rate and viscosity.

Answer 20

Higher viscosity means slower flow rate, and lower viscosity means faster flow rate.

Question 21

Give one advantage and disadvantage each for laminar and turbulent flow

Answer 21

An advantage of Laminar Flow is that it has lower energy loss compared to turbulent flow. This makes it more efficient for certain applications like fluid transportation.

A disadvantage of Laminar Flow is that it is more prone to clogging or blockages due to its smoothness.

An advantage for Turbulent Flow is that it has better mixing and heat transfer, making it useful in processes that require efficient mixing or heat exchange.

A disadvantage of Turbulent Flow is that it tends to have higher energy losses due to the chaotic movement of the fluid, which can lead to increased friction and pressure drop.

Question 22

What is Aeronautics?

Answer 22

Aeronautics is the study of the science of flight. Aeronautics literally means “to sail in the air.” Aeronautical research deals with the science of air and space travel such as wing design to control airflow over and around wings.

Question 23

What are dams used for?

Answer 23

Dams control water flow by storing it during heavy precipitation and releasing it during lower precipitation. They’re also used to generate electricity by pushing water through penstocks to spin turbine blades, which produce electricity.

Question 24

Whats the difference between Cohesion and Adhesion

Answer 24

Fluid particles are attracted to eachother (cohesion) and to the sides of their containers (adhesion)