CH 6 Test Material

Question 1

Define unicellular organism

Answer 1

An organism made up of only one cell

Question 2

Define multicellular organism

Answer 2

An organism that is made up of more than one cell

Question 3

Define cellular differentiation

Answer 3

The process by which a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific function

Question 4

Define vertebrate

Answer 4

An animal with a backbone

Question 5

Define invertebrate

Answer 5

An animal without a backbone

Question 6

Define movement

Answer 6

A change in the shape or figure of all or part of an organism; a characteristic of all living things

Question 7

Define locomotion

Answer 7

Movement that takes an object from one place in its environment to another; a characteristics of animals, animal-like protists, and some bacteria, but not plants or fungi

Question 8

How are organisms classified?

Answer 8

Organisms are classified by:

1. Animals
2. Plants
3. Bacteria
4. Fungi
5. Protists

Question 9

Define Tissue

Answer 9

A group of differentiated cells that work together to perform a specific function

Question 10

Define Organ System

Answer 10

A group of organs that work together to perform related functions

Question 11

What does Unicellular organisms do?

Answer 11

Unicellular organisms obtain nutrients, exchange gases, and remove wastes

Question 12

Many Unicellular organisms have what?

Answer 12

Many Unicellular organisms have special structures that they use for movement, locomotion, and nutrition

Question 13

What is the difference between movement and locomotion?

Question 14

In multicellular organisms, organ systems are used for what?

Answer 14

In multicellular organisms, organ systems such as the musculoskeletal system are used to perform life processes

Question 15

What do Plants organize their cells into?

Answer 15

Plants organize their cells into tissues, organs, and organ systems

Question 16

Plants have which systems?

Answer 16

Plants have a root system and a stem system, which they use to perform the process of life

Question 17

A multicellular organism cannot survive on what?

Answer 17

A multicellular organism cannot survive on one system alone. In humans, for example, the respiratory and circulatory system work together to provide the cells in the body with oxygen

Question 18

Different organisms perform what?

Answer 18

Different organisms perform the processes of life in different ways

Question 19

What happens when cells are not able to perform their functions?

Answer 19

When cells are not able to perform their functions, the health of the organism is affected

Question 20

Unicellular organism can be beneficial to what?

Answer 20

Unicellular organism can be beneficial to health of many multicellular organisms. The human digestive system, for example, relies on many micro-organisms to digest food and to provide certain vitamins

Question 21

Some micro-organisms can cause what?

Answer 21

Some micro-organisms, such as bacteria and protists, can cause human illnesses and diseases, such as strep throat and malaria

Question 22

What happens when Cells are not able to function properly?

Answer 22

Cells that are not able to function properly can cause diseases in humans. Diabetes and cancer are caused in this way

Question 23

All organ systems what?

Answer 23

All organ systems work together and depend on each other. If one system fails, the health of the organism is jepardized (to do something that may destroy it or cause it to fail.)

Question 24

Cells are the what?

Answer 24

Cells are the basis of life

Question 25

Cells organize into what?

Answer 25

Cells organize into tissues, tissues into organs, organs into organ systems, and organ systems into organisms

Question 26

Healthy cells contribute to what?

Answer 26

Healthy cells contribute to healthy organisms

Question 27

Systems are what?

Answer 27

Systems are interdependent

Question 28

Organisms can be made up of what?

Answer 28

Organisms can be made up of one cell (unicellular organisms) or many cells (multicellular organisms)

Question 29

Define Specialized Cells

Answer 29

cells with unique structures and functions in the body

Question 30

What is the 4 types of Animal Tissues and their Functions?

Answer 30

connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue

Question 31

What is the five systems?

Answer 31

Circulatory system:

Respiratory system:

Digestive system:

Musculoskeletal system:

Nervous system:

Question 32

What is the five human organ systems organs and structures involved

Answer 32

Circulatory system:
• heart
• blood vessels

Respiratory system:
• lungs
• windpipe
• blood vessels

Digestive system:

• mouth
• esophagus
• stomach
• liver
• pancreas
• small and large intestines
• anus

Musculoskeletal system:
• bones
• muscles

Nervous system:
• brain
• spinal cord
• sensory organs (eyes, ears, nose, taste buds)

Question 33

Which organ system do vertebrate animals use to help them respond to the environment

Answer 33

The Nervous system

Question 34

How can humans respond to their environment?

Answer 34

Humans respond to their environment by the five senses

Question 35

How can skin be classified as an organ?

Answer 35

Skin can be classified an organ because it comprises different tissues which act together to perform dedicated and specific functions.

Question 36

Must larger animals be composed of larger cells? Why or why not?

Answer 36

Larger animals do not have to be composed of larger cells. The size of an organism is not just determined by the size of its individual cells.

Question 37

What systems would be affected if your heart stop beating?

Answer 37

Cardiovascular System, Respiratory System, Central Nervous System, Renal System

Question 38

What is two examples that show how micro-organisms help multicellular organisms survive?

Answer 38

Micro-organisms help living multicellular organisms by breaking down dead plant and animal tissues, enriching the soil for farming and eliminating harmful bacteria.

Question 39

What is Paramecia and what does it do?

Answer 39

Paramecia are really tiny creatures with little hairs called cilia. These cilia help them move towards their food by creating water currents. The paramecium’s mouth groove also has cilia that help bring the food inside. Once inside, the food gets digested slowly and the cell absorbs the nutrients. Any waste is eliminated through an opening called an anal pore.

Question 40

What is the major function of the 5 systems

Answer 40

Circulatory system: • transports nutrients, dissolved gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide), and wastes to and from individual cells in the organism

Respiratory system: • exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and the external environment

Digestive system: • breaks food down into small particles, called nutrients, that can be transported by the circulatory system to all cells of the body

Musculoskeletal system: • provides structural support to the body
• protects internal structures from the outside environment
• plays a role in movement and locomotion

Nervous system: • responds to changes in the internal and external environment of the body
• coordinates the function of all other organ systems

Question 41

What is the major tissues in the 5 systems

Answer 41

Circulatory system:
• epithelial
• muscle
• nerve
• connective

Respiratory system:
• epithelial
• muscle
• nerve
• connective

Digestive system:
• epithelial
• muscle
• nerve
• connective

Musculoskeletal system:
• epithelial
• muscle
• nerve
• connective

Nervous system:
• epithelial
• nerve
• connective

Question 42

What are 2 examples of Cellular Differentiation?

Answer 42

Fat cells and muscle cells