Ch 20 Fire Ralated Emergencies, Incinerators, Oil Burners, And Gas Leaks

Question 1

Natural gas is primarily what? Pg 495

Answer 1

Methane (more than 90%) and it behaves much like pure methane. It contains other gases as well, including ethane (up to 5%), carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.

Question 2

Gas vapor density is what? Pg 496

Answer 2

.60 lighter than that of air

Question 3

Natural gas emergencies can be divided into the following three basic categories? Pg 496

Answer 3

Inside leaks, outside leaks and leaks resulting from fires.

Question 4

Gas is received by the local utilities at various points along the pipeline called what? Pg 497

Answer 4

City gate stations

Question 5

In newer systems, the pressure in the street mains is what? Pg 497

Answer 5

Higher, between 2 1/2 and 60 psi, and is termed high pressure gas.

Question 6

The first priority in report of a gas leak should be to notify who? Pg 499

Answer 6

Notify the utility

Question 7

Vapor density of propane is what? Pg 505

Answer 7

1.52

Question 8

What is the vapor density of butane? Pg 505

Answer 8

2.01

Question 9

Propane has a wider explosive range than gasoline which is? Pg 506

Answer 9

2.1% LEL and 9.5% upper explosive limit

Question 10

A vapor air explosion is far more devastating than what? Pg 507

Answer 10

Than a leak that ignites immediately or even a cylinder that BLEVEs.

Question 11

For any BLEVE incident make sure you clear the area how many feet? Pg 509

Answer 11

150 feet in all directions

Question 12

Heating systems account for about how many percent of all fires? Pg 510

Answer 12

20%

Question 13

No. 1 oil is what? Pg 510

Answer 13

Lightest of the fuel oils, has a minimum flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit and is similar to kerosene.

Question 14

No. 2 oil is what? Pg 510

Answer 14

Is the most common oil for one and two family homes. It has a minimum flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit, but has more impurities than No. 1.

Question 15

No. 3 oil is what? Pg 510

Answer 15

A former intermediate grade, is no longer commonly used.

Question 16

No. 4 oil is what? Pg 510

Answer 16

May be used in midsize applications, apartment buildings, and factories; it has a somewhat higher minimum flash point of 130 degrees Fahrenheit.

Question 17

What is the heaviest heating oil? Pg 510

Answer 17

No. 6 oil

Question 18

Both No. 5 and 6 are primarily used where? Pg 510

Answer 18

industrial oils used in large plants and apartment complexes.

Question 19

The components of an oil burner are divided in the following two systems? Pg 511

Answer 19

Oil handling and control

Question 20

What is the oil handling system? 511

Answer 20

The most common oil burner is the high pressure gun type, which combines several functions.

Question 21

What is the control system, pg 511

Answer 21

The main or primary control features a starting circuit and a running circuit that control the operation of the fuel pump, fan, and igniter.

Question 22

What are the 2 common limit switches that you may encounter? Pg 512

Answer 22

Pressuretrol and the aquastat

Question 23

What is the pressuretrol? Pg 512

Answer 23

Used to sense pressure within a stream system, may have a minimum as well as the maximum setting.

Question 24

What is a aquastats? Pg 512

Answer 24

Found on steam and hot water systems

Question 25

What is the first and probably the easiest, problem to handle? Pg 512

Answer 25

Smoking burner

Question 26

The second condition to which firefighters are often called is what? Pg 512

Answer 26

Delayed ignition, sometimes called puff back or kickback

Question 27

What is a white ghost? Pg 513

Answer 27

Is a cloud of vaporized oil and air heated above its flash point and out of its container, looking for a source of ignition.

Question 28

Black smoke suggest what? Pg 515

Answer 28

Presence of burning petroleum based products.

Question 29

Common class A materials produce what? Pg 515

Answer 29

Gray to light brown when oxygen is present. When less than sufficient oxygen is available, large amounts of dark gray or yellow gray some are produced.

Question 30

Incinerator shafts are common where? Pg 518

Answer 30

In many older, multistory buildings. They allow rubbish to be dropped through a fire resistant door into a chimney to be burned at the base of the shaft.

Question 31

What does the gas detector express the concentration of gas in the air in? p. 499-500

Answer 31

Percentage of the lower explosive limit

Question 32

To what fraction of its original volume does liquefied propane gas shrink when it is put under compressive force? p. 507

Answer 32

1/270

Question 33

Which statement is NOT correct regarding compactors? p. 518-519

Answer 33

Smoke coming from the hopper door is no cause for concern

Question 34

What is the first step that should be taken when responding to a call for an "explosion in the cellar" where an oil burner is present? p. 513

Answer 34

Shut off the remote control

Question 35

What should be used to approach the valve during a large fire involving natural gas outside? p. 504

Answer 35

Fog stream

Question 36

In which type of piping should firefighters never be allowed to try and stop a gas leak? p. 504

Answer 36

Plastic

Question 37

Which stage of fire is indicated by thin, wispy smoke that is usually light in color? p. 515

Answer 37

Incipient

Question 38

Which is a far more devastating event during an LPG incident? p. 507

Answer 38

Fuel-air explosion

Question 39

What part of the buildings in the surrounding area should be checked when there is an underground natural gas leak? p. 503

Answer 39

Basements

Question 40

What is almost always the next event that occurs after ignition of the gas from an LPG cylinder? pg. 508

Answer 40

Gas cylinder is exposed

Question 41

Where does the smoke tend to push out of the incinerator chute when a large piece of debris blocks the escape of smoke and gases? p. 518

Answer 41

Floors below the blockage

Question 42

Which type of gas leak has the greatest risk because of the potential for explosion? p. 496

Answer 42

Interior

Question 43

What type of smoke is found at fires in sprinklered areas? p. 516

Answer 43

Low hanging

Question 44

Where within the oil burner system does the stack switch sense the presence of heat? p. 512

Answer 44

Smoke pipe

Question 45

At what percent concentration can natural gas be smelled in the air? p. 495

Answer 45

1%

Question 46

What must be done if you smell smoke before you leave the location? p. 517

Answer 46

Locate the source

Question 47

How much of its strength has the steel in the cylinder lost when it is heated to 1,500^F? p. 508

Answer 47

1/2

Question 48

What is the minimum flash point of No. 2 oil which is used in one- and two-family homes? p. 510

Answer 48

100^F

Question 49

Which should be avoided when battling a fire in a chimney? p. 521

Answer 49

Standard hose nozzles

Question 50

Which is the most common of the limit controls in the oil burner? p. 512

Answer 50

Thermostat

Question 51

After what passage of time will the safety circuit operate if the igniter fails to light in the oil burner? p. 511

Answer 51

90 seconds

Question 52

What should be used to shield responders when during gas emergencies? p. 503

Answer 52

Apparatus

Question 53

What is the preferred number of meters to use when checking an area for combustible gas? p. 503

Answer 53

Two

Question 54

To what pressure will the city gate stations reduce the pressure in the gas pipeline? p. 497

Answer 54

60-150 psi

Question 55

Which should NOT be done when there is a fire involving the gas piping indoors? p. 504

Answer 55

Extinguish the flame at the leak

Question 56

Failure of which regulator on the natural gas line brings with it the potential for mass disaster and casualties? p. 498

Answer 56

District

Question 57

What used to be in manufactured gas that made it toxic? p. 498

Answer 57

Carbon monoxide

Question 58

What is usually sufficient when venting natural gas from a building? p. 502

Answer 58

Opening windows

Question 59

In less than what amount of time did the full 20-pound cylinders exposed to direct-flame impingement on the vapor space burn themselves out during tests held at the Nassau County Fire Academy on Long Island? p. 510

Answer 59

20 minutes

Question 60

What is most often the cause of the BLEVE? p. 508

Answer 60

Loss of strength where the cylinder is being heated