CH 21 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Bile is produced in which organ?
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Liver
Duodenum
Liver
Intestinal adhesions are the most common cause of:
bowel obstruction.
diarrhea.
gastroenteritis.
ulcerative colitis.
bowel obstruction.
Which of the following statements regarding Grey Turner sign is correct?
Grey Turner sign is characterized by flank bruising and indicates internal bleeding.
Grey Turner sign is characterized by bruising around the umbilicus.
Grey Turner sign is the cessation of inspiration during abdominal palpation.
The presence of Grey Turner sign should make you suspicious for hepatitis.
Grey Turner sign is characterized by flank bruising and indicates internal bleeding.
Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of acute gastroenteritis?
Fever
Hypertension
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Fever
An obese 52-year-old woman who presents with severe pain in the right upper quadrant of her abdomen and pain in her right shoulder is most likely experiencing:
cholecystitis.
Crohn disease.
acute hepatitis.
Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
Cholecystitis
The presentation of Mallory-Weiss syndrome is caused by which of the following?
Rupture of hollow organs with resultant peritoneal inflammation
Erosion of the lining of the gastrointestinal tract
Rupture of esophageal veins due to portal hypertension
Tear at the junction between the esophagus and stomach
Tear at the junction between the esophagus and stomach
Which of the following is a common sign of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract?
Hematochezia
Vomitus
Gross bleeding
Melena
Melena
Pain over the suprapubic region is suggestive of injury to the:
ureters.
bladder.
iliac arteries.
urethra.
Bladder
Icteric sclera and acholic stools are clinical manifestations of:
cirrhosis.
colitis.
diverticulitis.
pancreatitis.
cirrhosis.
Filtering of blood and recycling of dead red blood cells are functions of the:
pancreas.
kidneys.
spleen.
liver.
Spleen
Blood that has been digested by stomach acids manifests as:
gray-colored stool.
bright red vomitus.
hematochezia.
coffee grounds emesis.
Coffee grounds emesis
A 38-year-old man presents with an acute onset of severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain, pain to his right shoulder, and nausea. He is conscious and alert, but is restless from the pain. His blood pressure is 150/86 mm Hg, pulse rate is 120 beats/min and strong, and respirations are 22 breaths/min and regular. You should:
encourage him to remain supine to relieve his pain, monitor his oxygen saturation level, and administer Nubain via the IM route.
establish vascular access with a large-bore catheter, administer a 500-mL normal saline bolus, and avoid analgesics due to the potential for intra-abdominal bleeding.
perform a comprehensive abdominal exam, start at least one large-bore IV line, infuse normal saline at 125 mL/hr, and consider giving him an antiemetic medication.
start an IV with normal saline and set it to keep the vein open, place him in a position of comfort, and administer morphine and promethazine.
start an IV with normal saline and set it to keep the vein open, place him in a position of comfort, and administer morphine and promethazine.
Clinical signs of hypokalemia include:
muscle cramps and peaked T waves.
coma and severe peripheral edema.
convulsions and absent P waves.
weakness and flattened T waves.
weakness and flattened T waves.
Esophageal varices are a direct result of:
esophageal erosion.
cirrhosis of the liver.
portal hypertension.
alcohol consumption.
portal hypertension.
Which of the following behaviors place a person at risk for gastrointestinal disease?
Working 8-hour days
Consumption of fruits and vegetables
High-fiber diet
Stress
Stress
You are caring for a middle-aged man with severe abdominal pain and dark, tarry stools. He is conscious but very restless. His blood pressure is 78/52 mm Hg, pulse rate is 130 beats/min and weak, and respirations are 24 breaths/min and shallow. Further assessment reveals that his skin is cool and clammy, and his radial pulses are weakly present. You should:
administer high-flow oxygen, start a large-bore IV line, administer a 20-mL/kg normal saline bolus, and give fentanyl for pain.
apply a nasal cannula in case he vomits, start at least one large-bore IV line, and administer up to 3 L of normal saline solution.
administer high-flow oxygen, start two large-bore IV lines, and administer 20-mL/kg normal saline boluses until his radial pulses strengthen.
apply supplemental oxygen, establish vascular access, and give isotonic crystalloid boluses until his systolic BP is at least 110 mm Hg.
administer high-flow oxygen, start two large-bore IV lines, and administer 20-mL/kg normal saline boluses until his radial pulses strengthen.
Which of the following assessment findings or techniques would be most useful when determining the extent of internal volume loss?
Resting blood pressure
Temperature of the skin
Orthostatic vital signs
Duration of the illness
Orthostatic vital signs
Which of the following is a function of the liver?
Drug detoxification
Storage of bile
Production of enzymes for protein breakdown
Production of insulin
Drug detoxification
Peristalsis is defined as:
the churning of food.
rhythmic contraction.
passive regurgitation.
turbulent blood flow.
rhythmic contraction.
Irritation or injury to abdominal tissue, causing activation of peripheral nerve tracts, would most likely result in which type of pain?
Rebound
Parietal
Somatic
Visceral
Somatic
