Ch 21 Lymphatic and Immune System

Question 1

Components of the Lymphatic system:

Answer 1

Lymph capillaries, lymphatic collecting vessels, lymph trunck and ducts

Question 2

Components of the Immune system

Answer 2

Lymphocytes, Lymphoid tissure and spleen & thymus

Question 3

Which lymphoid organ is most closely associated with the lymphatic system?

Answer 3

Lymph node

Question 4

Interstitial fluid that has entered the lymphatic vessels is called:

Answer 4

Lymph

Question 5

Lymph is derived from:

Answer 5

blood plasma

Question 6

The function of lymphatic vessels is to:

Answer 6

carry excess fluid and plasma proteins back to the blood vessels

Question 7

Fluid carried by the lymphatic vessels empties into the:

Answer 7

Venous system

Question 8

Lymph capillaries:

Answer 8

closed-ended tube (like a sock), cells of wall overlap to form mini-valves, permeable to bacteria, viruses and cells, connect to lymphatic collecting vessels, and absent from bone tissue, teeth and CNS

Question 9

Lymphatic capillaries are different from blood capillaries in that:

Answer 9

they are close-ended tubules

Question 10

What are the special lymph capillaries called that help absorb lipids in the small intestine?

Answer 10

Lacteals

Question 11

All of the following are true of lymphatic collecting vessels EXCEPT:

Answer 11

They have fewer valves than veins.

Question 12

Which of these does NOT help to keep lymph flowing in the proper direction through lymphatic collecting vessels?

Answer 12

contractions of the heart

Question 13

The small, bean-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue which occur along the path of lymphatic collecting vessels are called:

Answer 13

lymph nodes

Question 14

Which of the following is a basic function of lymph nodes?

Answer 14

filter microorganisms and debris from lymph

Question 15

Which lymphatic structure is a long tube that travels anterior to the vertebral bodies through the upper abdomen and thorax?

Answer 15

Thoracic duct

Question 16

The sac-like structure at the inferior end of the thoracic duct is the:

Answer 16

cisterna chyli

Question 17

Which of the following areas is normally drained by the right lymphatic duct?

Answer 17

Left arm

Question 18

The lymphatic ducts drain into the junction of the:

Answer 18

internal jugular and subclavian vein

Question 19

Which of these lists the types of lymphatic vessels in the order that lymph flows through them:

Answer 19

lymph capillaries → lymphatic collecting vessels → lymph trunk → lymph duct

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a lymphoid organ?

Answer 20

Kidney

Question 21

The key defense cells of the immune system are the:

Answer 21

Lymphocytes

Question 22

The cells that develop immunocompetence in the thymus are called:

Answer 22

T lymphocytes

Question 23

The cells that develop immunocompetence in the bone marrow are called:

Answer 23

B lymphocytes

Question 24

During activation, what cells present antigen to a lymphocyte?

Answer 24

Macrophages, dendritic cells

Question 25

Which step in lymphocyte activation occurs THIRD?

Answer 25

A lymphocyte encounters its antigen in lymphoid tissue and becomes fully activated.

Question 26

The cells that directly attack and lyse a foreign cell are called:

Answer 26

cytotoxic T cells

Question 27

Which cells wait within the lymphoid tissues until the body encounters their antigen again?

Answer 27

memory lymphocytes

Question 28

Where is lymphoid tissue generally found?

Answer 28

in mucous membranes and most lymphoid organs

Question 29

Which term refers to the lymphoid tissue found in the mucous membranes of the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts?

Answer 29

MALT

Question 30

Which of these is NOT a function of lymphoid tissue?

Answer 30

secretion of lymph

Question 31

Located in the upper left abdominal quadrant posterior to the stomach.

Answer 31

Spleen

Question 32

Located posterior to the upper part of the sternum in the neck and upper thorax.

Answer 32

Thymus

Question 33

Attached to the first part of the large intestine in the lower right abdominal quadrant.

Answer 33

Appendix

Question 34

Clusters of lymphoid tissue in the walls of the distal part of the small intestine.

Answer 34

Peyer's patches

Question 35

Located in the pharynx.

Answer 35

Tonsils

Question 36

Divided into lobules with a dark cortex and a lighter medulla that contains Hassell’s corpuscles.

Answer 36

Thymus

Question 37

Located along the path of lymph vessels and clustered in the neck, armpit, and groin.

Answer 37

Lymph nodes

Question 38

Swellings of the mucosa with lymphoid follicles and deep crypts that trap bacteria.

Answer 38

Tonsils

Question 39

Structurally, this is the least like the other lymphoid organs and is more like a gland.

Answer 39

Thymus

Question 40

Has an outer capsule that is penetrated by afferent and efferent vessels.

Answer 40

Lymph nodes

Question 41

Its tissue has both white pulp and red pulp.

Answer 41

Spleen

Question 42

Largest in childhood and puberty, but atrophies with age.

Answer 42

Thymus

Question 43

Provide an early line of defense for the respiratory system

Answer 43

Tonsils

Question 44

Cleanses blood by removing antigens and aged or defective blood cells; stores platelets.

Answer 44

Spleen

Question 45

Filters the lymph and provides a site for lymphocyte exposure to antigens and activation.

Answer 45

Lymph nodes

Question 46

Site where some immature lymphocytes become immunocompetent; also secretes hormones.

Answer 46

Thymus

Question 47

Two structures that destroy microorganisms in the intestines.

Answer 47

Appendix, Peyer's patches

Question 48

The two primary lymphoid organs

Answer 48

Bone marrow, thymus

Question 49

Maliganancy of the lymph nodes characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells.

Answer 49

Hodgkin’s disease

Question 50

Involves uncontrolled multiplication and metastasis of undifferentiated lymphocytes.

Answer 50

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 51

Which has a higher cure rate

Answer 51

Hodgkin's-disease

Question 52

Leakage of fatty lymph from the thoracic duct into a pleural cavity.

Answer 52

Chylothorax

Question 53

Inflammation of a lymph vessel.

Answer 53

Lymphangitis

Question 54

Viral disease that kills or impairs helper T cells and thus weakens the entire immune system.

Answer 54

AIDS

Question 55

Disease of adolescents and young adults caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, which specifically attacks B cells.

Answer 55

Mononucleosis