Ch 22 Lymphatic System

Question 1

What system is ductwork that returns fluids that leaked from vascular system back into the blood?

Answer 1

Lymphatic system

Question 2

What are the 3 parts of the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

Lymphatic vessels (network)
Lymph (fluid)
Lymph nodes (filter)

Question 3

The lymphoid organs and tissues play a role in …

Answer 3

immune system (defense and resist disease)

Question 4

Everyday _______ of blood is dropped off into the capillary bed (how much)

Answer 4

~3L

Question 5

What 2 things work together at Capillary beds to force fluid out of blood at arterial ends of beds (upstream) and cause bulk to be reabsorbed at venous ends (downstream)?

Answer 5

Hydrostatic and colloid osmotic pressure

Question 6

Fluid that is not reabsorbed remains in the tissue spaces and becomes ___________

Answer 6

Interstitial Fluid

Question 7

To maintain proper fluid levels/ blood volume, fluid needs to return where?

Answer 7

The cardiovascular system

Question 8

IF is called _________ when it travels the lymphatic system

Answer 8

Lymph

Question 9

What collect excess protein containing IF and return it to the bloodstream?

Answer 9

Lymphatic vessels

Question 10

Fluid in blood and tissues is called ____

Answer 10

IF

Question 11

Fluid in lymphatic vessels is called _____

Answer 11

lymph

Question 12

What are between tissue cells and blood capillaries in loose CT, widespread but not in bone, teeth, BM

Answer 12

lymph capillaries

Question 13

In lymph capillaries, endothelial cells are not tight and slightly overlap to form ________

Answer 13

Minivalves

Question 14

in the lymph capillaries endothelial cells are ________ to structures

Answer 14

anchored

Question 15

Flaps open into the lymph capillaries when pressure in the interstitial space is _________ than in vessels

Answer 15

greater

Question 16

If the pressure in vessels is greater than in the interstitial space the valves stay closed to prevent ________

Answer 16

backflow

Question 17

Lymph capillaries take in larger particles (cell debris, pathogens, cancer cells) when ______

Answer 17

inflamed

Question 18

Things travel to the lymph nodes for cleansing and _________

Answer 18

evoking an immune response

Question 19

What are specialized lymph capillaries in the small intestine

Answer 19

lacteals

Question 20

What is the function of lacteals

Answer 20

absorb fat from small intestine to the blood

Question 21

lacteals contain milky white lymph called

Answer 21

chyle

Question 22

What vessels have the same tunics as veins but thinner walls and more internal vales and anastomoses

Answer 22

lymph collecting vessels

Question 23

What are the largest lymph vessels that grain from large areas of the body

Answer 23

lymphatic trunks

Question 24

What are the 4 paired and 1 single lymphatic trunks

Answer 24

paired:
lumbar
bronchomediastinal
subclavian
jugular

single:
intestinal

Question 25

what are the 2 main lymphatic ducts

Answer 25

right lymphatic (drains right upper limb, right head, and thorax) -thoracic duct (drains everything else)

Question 26

The lymphatic ducts begin as ____________

Answer 26

cisterna chyli

Question 27

What duct is the junction of internal jugular and subclavian vein

Answer 27

terminal duct

Question 28

Lymph transport has no __________ and low _____

Answer 28

pump pressure

Question 29

Lymph transport is regulated by the __________ as pressure changes as we breathe

Answer 29

respiratory pump

Question 30

Thoracic cavity pressure drops and lymphatic vessels expand as we _______

Answer 30

inspire

Question 31

Thoracic cavity pressure drops rises vessels compress as we _______

Answer 31

expire

Question 32

What pump causes lymph movement from the milking of skeletal muscles

Answer 32

muscular pump

Question 33

Lymph flow is slow and _____

Answer 33

sporadic

Question 34

What can cause a hinderance to lymph flow

Answer 34

tumor lymphatic removal lymphedema other vessels regrow

Question 35

How to treat lymphedema

Answer 35

compression sleeve/sock massage

Question 36

What are the two types of lymphoid cells

Answer 36

lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 37

What are the two kinds of lymphocytes

Answer 37

B and T

Question 38

What lymphocytes become plasma cells and secrete Ab

Answer 38

B cells

Question 39

What lymphocytes directly or indirectly attack

Answer 39

T cells

Question 40

What lymphoid cells do phagocytosis and T cell activation

Answer 40

macrophages

Question 41

All lymph organs except the thymus are made of what connective tissue

Answer 41

reticular

Question 42

Lymph tissues diffuse to all the body organs to the reticular fibers such as the __________ of mucous membranes

Answer 42

lamina propria

Question 43

What cells have no capsule, and a germinal center

Answer 43

lymph follicles (nodules)

Question 44

What are the 2 categories of lymph organs

Answer 44

primary lymphoid organs secondary lymphoid organs

Question 45

What lymphoid organs are where B and T cells mature and became immunocompetant

Answer 45

primary lymphoid organs

Question 46

B bells mature in the _______

Answer 46

red bone marrow

Question 47

T cells mature in the _________

Answer 47

thymus

Question 48

what lymphoid organs are where mature lymphocytes first encounter the Ags and become activated such as in the lymph node, spleen, MALT

Answer 48

secondary lymphoid organs

Question 49

Where is MALT found

Answer 49

tonsils, peyers patch, appendix

Question 50

the difference between lymph organs and tissues is that the organs are _________

Answer 50

encapsulated

Question 51

Only ____________ have the capacity to filter lymph

Answer 51

lymph nodes

Question 52

What are found along the lymphatic vessels in the CT and filter lymph

Answer 52

lymph nodes

Question 53

There are a large number of lymph nodes in the areas lymph vessels enter what area

Answer 53

the trunk -- cervical, axillary, inguinal

Question 54

Lymph nodes filter out ______ and break down _________

Answer 54

macrophages and Ags

Question 55

What part of the lymph node has follicles with germinal centers (B cells)

Answer 55

cortex

Question 56

What part of the lymph node has cords and sinuses (B and T cells)

Answer 56

medulla

Question 57

What happens when the lymph nodes become overwhelmed and theres a large # of bacteria

Answer 57

lymphadenopathy

Question 58

Lymph nodes are swollen but not painful with what?

Answer 58

cancer

Question 59

what is the largest lymph organ

Answer 59

spleen

Question 60

What spleen has a fibrous ________ and trabeculae

Answer 60

capsule

Question 61

The roles of the spleen are

Answer 61

lymphocytes proliferate surveillance (immune function) cleanse blood storage for RBC components RBC production (fetus/emergency) platelet storage blood reservoir

Question 62

What pulp of the spleen does immune function

Answer 62

white

Question 63

What pulp of the spleen stores Fe

Answer 63

red

Question 64

If the spleen ruptures you can ...

Answer 64

severe bleed, shock, die

Question 65

The spleen can repair itself by making a _______ to hold together

Answer 65

mesh

Question 66

If the spleen cant repair what surgery is done

Answer 66

splenectomy

Question 67

What is a bilobed lymph gland that is prominent in newborns and atrophies with age

Answer 67

thymus

Question 68

what is the role of the thymus

Answer 68

T cell maturation aka immunocompetent

Question 69

What hormones does the thymus produce to help T cells mature

Answer 69

thymosin and thymopoietin

Question 70

What are simple organs with a ring of lymphoid tissue that has stratified squamous epithelium along crypts that decrease as we age

Answer 70

tonsils

Question 71

What are the 4 tonsils

Answer 71

palatine, lingual, pharyngeal tubal

Question 72

What MALT, is located in the ileum of the small intestines that has no capsule and absorbs fat

Answer 72

peyers patch

Question 73

What MALT is an offshoot of the cecum at the start of the large intestines that also has no capsule

Answer 73

appendix