Chapter 26 Urinary Part 1

Question 1

What is the major excretory system of the body that eliminates waste and excessive products

Answer 1

urinary system

Question 2

Protein metabolism forms what kind of wastes

Answer 2

nitrogenous wastes

Question 3

What is formed from Ammonia (NH3) turning into urea (less toxic)

Answer 3

urine

Question 4

What are the 4 parts of the urinary system

Answer 4

kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra

Question 5

What is the unit that filters the blood and removes wastes, and forms urine

Answer 5

kidney

Question 6

What is the actual part of the kidney that forms urine

Answer 6

nephron

Question 7

What are the 4 components of urine

Answer 7

1 excess H2O
2 excess ions
3 metabolic wastes (urea)
4 toxic substances

Question 8

What is the arterial supply for the kidneys

Answer 8

renal arteries (from aorta)

Question 9

The venous supply from the kidneys goes into the renal veins which drains into the ____________

Answer 9

inferior vena cava

Question 10

Which kidney sits slightly lower

Answer 10

right

Question 11

The position of the kidneys is _________ (cavity in the back)

Answer 11

retroperitoneal

Question 12

With contraction of the diaphragm, the kidneys move which way and how much?

Answer 12

down, 1 inch

Question 13

What is the main function of the urinary system

Answer 13

maintain homeostasis
(h2o, fluid, and electrolyte balance)

Question 14

What are 6 other functions of the urinary system?

Answer 14

1excretion
2 regulation of BV and BP
3 Regulation of blood solute concentrations
4 regulation of extracellular fluid pH
5 regulation of RBC synthesis
6 regulation of vitamin D synthesis

Question 15

Which urinary system function involves the filtering of waste products

Answer 15

excretion

Question 16

In excretion, the kidneys filter the bodys plasma volume how many times a day

Answer 16

60x/day

~200L of fluid

Question 17

Which urinary system function involves the control of extracellular fluid of the body and in dependent on hydration

Answer 17

Regulation of BV and BP

Question 18

Controlling Blood volume ultimately also controls ______ via urine production

Answer 18

blood pressure

Question 19

What BP falls, ________ is produced to split angiotensinogen to angiotensin

Answer 19

renin

Question 20

Which urinary system function involves the regulation of ion concentration

Answer 20

regulation of blood solute concentrations

Question 21

What ions are regulated by the urinary system (7)

Answer 21

Na
Cl
K
Ca
HCO3
HPO4
urea

Question 22

Which urinary system function involves the secretion of variable amounts of H+ to regulate pH and create acid-base balance

Answer 22

regulation of extracellular fluid pH

Question 23

Which urinary system function involves erythropoietin causing cell synthesis in red bone marrow

Answer 23

regulation of RBC synthesis

Question 24

Which urinary system function involves the control of blood Calcium levels

Answer 24

regulation of vitamin D synthesis

Question 25

What is the function of the external anatomy of the kidneys

Answer 25

protection

Question 26

What are the 3 parts of the external anatomy of the kidney

Answer 26

renal capsule adipose renal fascia

Question 27

What part of the external anatomy of the kidney is transparent tough fibrous layer that surrounds the kidney

Answer 27

renal capsule

Question 28

what is the purpose of the renal capsule

Answer 28

prevent infections from surrounding area so does not spread to kidney

Question 29

What part of the external anatomy of the kidney is the perirenal fat capsule that covers the renal capsule

Answer 29

adipose

Question 30

what is the function of adipose in the kidney

Answer 30

protects from trauma/damage holds kidney in place and cushions

Question 31

What part of the external anatomy of the kidney is dense fibrous CT that anchors kidneys to the abdominal wall

Answer 31

renal fascia

Question 32

What part of the kidneys are susceptible to blunt trauma

Answer 32

lower kidneys (esp the right)

Question 33

what vertebrae are the kidneys located between

Answer 33

T12-L3

Question 34

What kind of trauma can hurt the kidneys (3)

Answer 34

MVA fall contact sports

Question 35

what is blood in the urine called thats a sign of trauma

Answer 35

hematuria

Question 36

What is the blood filtering structure of the kidney

Answer 36

renal cortex

Question 37

What is the ductwork of the kidney where arteries and veins enter/exit

Answer 37

hilum

Question 38

What is the collecting funnel of the kidney that gathers urine into the ureter

Answer 38

renal pelvis

Question 39

What is the inner region deep to the arcuate arteries and veins of the kidney

Answer 39

renal medulla

Question 40

What part of the kidney is the outer region superficial to the arcuate arteries and veins

Answer 40

renal cortex

Question 41

What are the 3 parts of the internal anatomy of the kidney

Answer 41

renal cortex renal medulla renal pelvis

Question 42

What part of the internal anatomy of the kidneys is the most superficial region, light colored, with granular appearance that filters blood

Answer 42

renal cortex

Question 43

What part of the internal anatomy of the kidneys is the deeper layer which is dark reddish brown and acts as a collecting chamber

Answer 43

renal medulla

Question 44

What are the 3 parts of the renal medulla

Answer 44

renal pyramids renal papillae renal columns

Question 45

What part of the renal medulla is the collection of tubes that transport fluid in the kidney and make urine

Answer 45

renal pyramids

Question 46

What part of the renal medulla takes urine into the minor calyx into the larger major calyx

Answer 46

renal papillae

Question 47

What part of the renal medulla is the extension of cortical tissue toward the medulla

Answer 47

renal columns

Question 48

What part of the internal anatomy of the kidneys is the funnel shaped chamber that urine empties into that is surrounded by the renal sinus

Answer 48

renal pelvis