CH 26

Question 1

Naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystalline form.

Answer 1

Mineral

Question 2

Color of a mineral in its powdered form.

Answer 2

Streak

Question 3

Manner in which a mineral breaks along planes of weakness, creating sets of smooth parallel side; determined by the arrangement of atoms in the mineral’s structure.

Answer 3

Cleavage

Question 4

Manner in which a mineral without cleavage will break, producing uneven, irregular surfaces.

Answer 4

Fracture

Question 5

Measure of mineral’s resistance to scratching, described by Mohs scale of hardness.

Answer 5

Hardness

Question 6

Molten rock material inside Earth.

Answer 6

Magma

Question 7

What are the two most abundant elements in earth’s crust?

Answer 7

Silicon & Oxygen

Question 8

A mineral is?

Answer 8

Naturally occurring, inorganic solid, & crystalline form

Question 9

What does inorganic mean?

Answer 9

Materials that are nonliving

Question 10

What does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral?

Answer 10

Mineral breaks, how hard it is, & what type of crystal shape it has

Question 11

What are the ways to identify minerals?

Answer 11

Luster, streak, atomic arrangement, cleavage, fracture, hardness, & crystal shape

Question 12

What are the two types of luster?

Answer 12

Metallic & Nonmetallic

Question 13

How does metallic luster reflect light?

Answer 13

Very easily like a chrome/ metal surface

Question 14

How does nonmetallic luster reflect light?

Answer 14

Doesn’t reflect easily, like glass

Question 15

How do you preform a streak test?

Answer 15

Rubbing a mineral on an un-glazed porcelain tile

Question 16

What are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals?

Answer 16

Cleavage & Fracture

Question 17

What is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral?

Answer 17

Mohs Scale of Hardness

Question 18

What is the number range on Mohs Scale of hardness?

Answer 18

1-10

Question 19

Haw many different crystal shape systems are there?

Answer 19

There are 6 crystal shape systems

Question 20

What do minerals grow from?

Answer 20

Minerals grow from the inside out

Question 21

What are the 3 ways minerals can form?

Answer 21

Hot water, evaporation, & molten rock

Question 22

What are the two mineral groups?

Answer 22

Silicates & Nonsilicates

Question 23

Which mineral group is the most abundant in Earth’s crust?

Answer 23

Silicate minerals are the most abundant

Question 24

What element are Silicates made up of?

Answer 24

Silicon & Oxygen

Question 25

Nonsilicates do not contain what element?

Answer 25

silicon

Question 26

What mineral is used to make glass?

Answer 26

Quartz

Question 27

Define rock

Answer 27

A rock is a naturally formed mixture containing minerals, rock fragments, and volcanic glass.

Question 28

How are rocks identified?

Answer 28

By their composition and texture

Question 29

What does the texture of a rock describe about a rock?

Answer 29

The size, shape, and arrangement of the rock's components.

Question 30

Where do intrusive igneous rocks from?

Answer 30

Within the crust

Question 31

What type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from?

Answer 31

Magma

Question 32

What is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals?

Answer 32

Bowen's Recreation Series

Question 33

What are the 3 types of magma?

Answer 33

Mafic, intermediate, & felsic

Question 34

Which magma type has low silica content?

Answer 34

Mafic

Question 35

Which magma type has a high silica content?

Answer 35

Felsic

Question 36

Which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz? (oceanic or continental)

Answer 36

Continental crust

Question 37

Which type of crust has little to no quartz?

Answer 37

Deep continental crust or oceanic crust

Question 38

Which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture?

Answer 38

Intrusive igneous rock

Question 39

Which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture?

Answer 39

Extrusive igneous rock

Question 40

Do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly?

Answer 40

Quickly

Question 41

What are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock?

Question 42

Which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling?

Question 43

Which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates?

Question 44

What type of rock has vesicular (holey) texture?