Ch 3 Flashcards
(74 cards)
1
Q
Types of tissues
A
epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural
2
Q
Epithelial
A
covers body surfaces, polarity, no vascularity, regeneration
Functions: protection, permeability, sensation, secretion
no matrix
3
Q
Basal side
A
grows off basal lamina, bottom, base
4
Q
Apical side
A
top, apex, faces outside world
5
Q
Lateral side
A
cell junctions, next to each other, lateral/side
6
Q
Simple
A
single layer
7
Q
Psuedostratified
A
simple that appears stratified
8
Q
Stratified
A
two or more layers
9
Q
Squamous
A
flat cells
10
Q
Cuboidal
A
cube or hexagon shapes
11
Q
Columnar
A
tall and cylindrical
12
Q
Transitional
A
shape changes
13
Q
Simple Squamous
A
diffusion (blood vessels, lungs)
14
Q
Simple Cuboidal
A
absorption, secretion (glands, ducts)
15
Q
Simple Columnar
A
protection, absorb, secretion (stomach, intestine, gallbladder)
16
Q
Psuedostratified Columnar
A
protection, secretion (respiratory tract)
17
Q
Stratified Squamous
A
protection against abrasion (skin, mouth, anus)
18
Q
Stratified Cuboidal
A
secretion (sweat glands)
19
Q
Stratified Columnar
A
protection, secretion (pharynx)
20
Q
Transitional
A
expansion and recoil w/o tearing (bladder, renal pelvis)
21
Q
Glandular
A
Epi cells form a gland
22
Q
Exocrine gland
A
secrete products into ducts that open onto a surface
23
Q
Endocrine gland
A
secrete products into tissue fluid of blood
24
Q
Unicellular
A
single cell, goblet cell
25
Secretory sheets
one large sheet covering a surface, multicellular
26
Multicellular simple glands
have one distinct duct with outpocketing
27
Duct
tube that connects to a surface that doesn't produce secretions
28
Multicellular compound glands
many distinct ducts with outpocketing
29
Exocrine glands- merocrine glands
secrete via cytosis (vesicles w/o cytoplasm bring product to the surface) (salivary glands)
30
Exo- Apocrine glands
pinching off of cell portion (accumulated at apex breaks down into products) (mammary glands)
31
Exo- Holocrine glands
product accumulates in cytosol (cell ruptures and becomes the product) (sebaceous glands)
32
Connective Tissue
does not occur on free surface, good nerve and blood supply, all derived from mesenchymal cells( stem cells that differentiate into the multitude of cell types in all connective tissue), made of extracellular matrix, protein fibers, ground substance
33
Functions of connective tissue
bind structures, support and protect, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood, repair damage, protect against infection, transport fluids and dissolved materials
34
Connective Tissue Proper
with cells and fibers in a gel like ground substance
| loose and dense CT are under this
35
Loose CT
more gel
36
Dense CT
more fibers
37
CTP flow
CTP
- loose -dense
- areaolar, adipose,reticular -regular, irregular, elastic
38
Major cell types of CTP
Fixed cells and wandering cells
39
Fixed cells
Mesenchymal, fibroblasts, fixed macrophages, adipocytes, melanocytes
40
Fibroblasts
produces protein fibers
41
Fixed macrophages
white blood cells consume damaged cells and invaders(stay put)
42
Adipocytes
fat cells
43
Melanocytes
produce melanin
44
Wandering cells
free macrophages, other white blood cells
45
Free macrophages
like fixed but they move
46
Major fiber types of CTP
Collagen fibers, elastic fibers, reticular fibers
47
Collagen fibers
strong, pliable, found in bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments
48
Elastic fibers
rubbery, resiliant, found in lungs, blood vessels, skin
49
Reticular fibers
thin, branches that form framework found in spleen and lymph nodes, basal lamina
50
Areolar CT
loosely arranged fibers, mast cells, macrophages, fibrocytes, and adipocytes
holds skin to underlying organs, fills spaces
found in digestive, respiratory, and urinary tract, blood vessles, nerves and joints, and around and between skeletal and smooth muscles, hypodermis of skin
51
Adipose CT
mostly adipocytes
cushions joints, insulation, store energy, support
found in hypodermis, between muscles, around kidney, behind eye, joints, abdominal membrane, surface of heart
52
Reticular CT
fibroblasts, reticular fibers in 3D web
support tissue in walls of organs
found in lymphoid organs, liver and spleen
53
Dense Regular CT
many collagen fibers densely packed, parallel, little open space
reinforces structures in one direction
found in tendons and ligaments
54
Dense Irregular CT
same as regular but no pattern
reinforces in several directions
found in dermis, joint capsules, capsules of organs (eye ball)
55
Elastic CT
elastic fibers in parallel strands or branched networks, fibroblasts
found in between vertebrae, walls of hollow organs
provides elasticity
56
Fluid CT
blood and lymph
57
(Flu. CT) Blood
CT with a liquid matrix= the matrix
cell types= red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
provide clotting, immune functions, carry O2 and CO2
58
(Flu. CT) Lymph
interstitial fluid being transported in lymphatic vessels
59
Supporting CT
supports rest of the body, framework
| found in cartilage or bone
60
Membranes
made of epithelial and connective tissue
form barriers
cover and protect
61
Mucous Membranes
lines passageways open to exterior
moistened by mucous
contains areolar tissue
found in respiratory passages, mouth, digestives tract
62
Serous Membrane
simple squamous mesothelium, secretes watery fluid
| found in lining of pleural cavity, abdominopelvic cavity, scrotal cavity and pericardial cavity
63
Cutaneous Membrane
skin!
| thick, waterproof, dry
64
Synovial Membrane
in joint cavities
produces synovial fluid
lubricates joints
promotes smooth movement
65
CT framework
superficial fascia, deep fascia, subserous fascia
66
Superficial Fascia
areolar and adipose tissue layer
| sits deep to cutaneous membrane(skin)
67
Deep fascia
dense CT sheets
binds to tendons, ligaments, capsules and bones
deep to superficial fascia
68
Subserous Fascia
areolar CT sheet
binds to serous membranes
deep to deep fascia
69
Muscle Tissue
contractile, elastic, extensible, excitable
70
Types of Muscle Tissue
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
71
Skeletal Tissue
long and thin
large cylindrical muscle fibers, multinucleated, striated, has satelite cells
voluntary control of skeleton, controls opening into digestive system, heat generation
found in skeletal muscles
72
Cardiac Tissue
Found in the heart
unicellular branched cardiocytes, uninucleate, striated, involuntary
function: heart beat
73
Smooth Tissue
short tapered cells, uninucleated, nonstriated, involuntary, can divide and regenerate
found in tracts, blood vessels and hollow organs
involuntary control of respiratory, digestive, and circulatory system
74
Nervous Tissue
Cell types:
| Neurons and Neuroglia
