Ch 3: Bioenergetics

Question 1

ATPase

Answer 1

Enzyme that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis

Question 2

Adenlyate Kinase Reaction

Answer 2

Single enzyme reaction that produces ATP and AMP from ADP

Question 3

Difference between slow glycolysis and fast glycolysis

Answer 3

Slow: Pyruvate enters mitochondria with NADH and fuels exercise for 1-3 minutes

Fast: Pyruvate converted to lactate in sarcoplasm and fuels exercise for 15-30 seconds

Question 4

Allosteric Inhibition

Answer 4

The end product decreases turnover rate and slows product formation by binding to the regulatory enzymes

Question 5

Allosteric Activation

Answer 5

The turnover rate is increased by the “activator” binding to the enzyme

Question 6

Beta Oxidation

Answer 6

Process by which free fatty acids gets broken down into Acetyl-COA and hydrogen protons

Question 7

BCAA’s

Answer 7

Major amine acids such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine that get oxidized in skeletal muscle

Question 8

Calcium ATPase

Answer 8

Enzyme that catalyzes ATP in the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

Combination training

Answer 9

Training for both aerobic and anaerobic sports

Question 10

Cory cycle

Answer 10

Process by which lactate is transferred to the liver where it gets converted to glucose

Question 11

CK

Answer 11

enzyme that catalyzes ATP synthesis from CP and ADP

Question 12

Cytochrome

Answer 12

Series of electron carriers in the ETC

Question 13

EPOC

Answer 13

Oxygen debt

Question 14

FADH2

Answer 14

Transports hydrogen ions to ETC to be used to produce ATP from ADP

Question 15

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 15

Formation of glucose from non glucose source

Question 16

Glycogenolysis

Answer 16

Breakdown of muscle glycogen to glucose

Question 17

Glycolysis

Answer 17

The breakdown of carbohydrates to resynthesizes ATP

Question 18

Law of Mass Action

Answer 18

Concentrations of products or reactants will drive reaction direction

Question 19

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 19

Exercise induced decrease in pH

Question 20

Myokinase reaction

Answer 20

Single enzyme reaction that produces ATP and AMP from ADP

Question 21

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 21

Resynthesis of ATP in the ETC

Question 22

Phosphagen system

Answer 22

Energy system responsible for short term, high intensity exercise field by ATP and PCr

Question 23

PFK

Answer 23

Rate-limiting step in glycolysis

Question 24

Phosphorylation

Answer 24

The addition of an inorganic phosphate to another molecule

Question 25

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Answer 25

The direct resynthesis of ATP from ADP during a single reaction

Question 26

Oxidative system

Answer 26

Sustains low intensity, long duration exercise for exercise lasting longer than 3 minutes

Question 27

Work to rest ratio for the energy systems

Answer 27

Phosphagen: 1:12 - 1:20 Fast glycolysis: 1:3-1:5 Slow glycolysis: 1:3-1:4 Oxidative: 1:1-1:3

Question 28

Top biogenetic Limiting Factors for marathon running, triathlon, 5000m run, 1500 m run, 400 m swim, 400m run, 100m run, discus, and repeated snatches

Answer 28

Marathon: muscle glycogen Triatholon: muscle glycogen, liver glycogen 5000m run: muscle glycogen 1500m run: muscle glycogen 400m swim: muscle glycogen 400m run: lower pH 100m run: ATP and PCr discus: ATP and PCr repeated snatch: ATP and PCr, muscle glycogen, lower pH