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ch 3 pump & aerial Flashcards

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1
Q

DO’s must first understand what before committing to a position on scene?

A

the scene conditions, know the fire protection assets on site, and use situational awareness to recognize hazards.

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2
Q

What are the considerations that may help determine proper positioning?

A
  1. fire attack
  2. support of aerial apparatus
  3. support of FDC
  4. support of decon ops
  5. draft ops
  6. hydrant connections
  7. dual pumping ops
  8. tandem pumping ops
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3
Q

What will determine the most advantageous position for the attack pumper?

A

size up

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4
Q

When fire conditions are evident upon arrival, the DO should do what?

A

place the apparatus in a safe position that offers the best tactical advantage.

*this includes an exit route should withdrawal becomes necessary

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5
Q

When positioning the apparatus, the DO should:

A
  1. pull the apparatus past the front of the structure when arriving where no fire is evident (investigation mode) so they see 3 sides of the structure.
  2. consider the best access point for personnel and equipment.
  3. remain with the apparatus in the event connections for water supply or FDC’s need to be made or to assist with attack line, operating the pump, and locating and distributing equipment from the apparatus.
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6
Q

Who determines the best placements for the first-arriving and later arriving pumpers on the fireground?

A

Local policies, the officer, and the DO

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7
Q

What is the first tactical priority on any incident scene?

A

life safety

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8
Q

When positioning an apparatus for exposure protection, consider the apparatus what?

A

a potential exposure

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9
Q

What is the primary concern of the DO and company officer?

A

establishing a water supply

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10
Q

When should the first arriving unit consider laying supply line?

A

confirmed fire is located in an area of limited access, such as a narrow driveway or alley

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11
Q

When can the pumpers onboard tank be considered for water supply?

A

only after a proper size up confirms the location and extent of the fire

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12
Q

Method of attack will determine the positioning of the apparatus. if using handlines or portable master streams:

A

pumper must be positioned in close proximity to the structure or incident scene to allow an effective water supply.

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13
Q

Method of attack will determine the positioning of the apparatus. If using a fixed appliance:

A

DO must position in a safe location close enough for the fire stream to reach its intended target.

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14
Q

To maximize efficiency of the hoseline deployment, if possible, park the apparatus where?

A

on the same side of the street as the fire so attack lines do not cross the road.

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15
Q

You can park on the same side of the street as the fire as long as you dont:

A

collapse zone, place personnel and the vehicle in direct contact with smoke or other hazardous materials, or block any aerial apparatus.

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16
Q

What structures are considered a structural collapse hazard bc they can suffer rapid collapse?

A

structures built with light weight materials and building with faux facades, parapets, or cantilevers.

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17
Q

What is the collapse zone apparatus and personnel should maintain?

A

a collapse zone of at least one and a half times the height of any structure determined to collapse.

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18
Q

What is the safest positions should a collapse occur? Especially for what?

A

Corners of the building

especially for aerial operating master streams

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19
Q

apparatus, equipment, and personnel operating within ______ of the base of a high-rise fire may need to be protected from falling glass or debris

A

200 ft

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20
Q

solar panels are always

A

energized

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21
Q

The _______ method of apparatus placement may be used to position aerial and pumping apparatus at a scene.

A

“inside/outside”

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22
Q

The “inside/outside” applies to building of what height?
Who is on the inside and outside for each?

A

5 floors or more, attack pumper takes outside.

5 floors or less, pumper takes in the inside.

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23
Q

For pumpers that support aerial apparatus elevated waterways:

A

positioning should include consideration of providing adequate water supply and adequate discharge pressure.

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24
Q

The pumper must be positioned as close to the aerial device to minimize the:

A

supply line friction loss

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25
The pumper must set up a supply line that will:
provide the flow that is available from the water source.
26
If there is no way to keep a short distance between a pumper and an aerial device, what must be done?
a relay or water shuttle op.
27
To efficiently supply an FDC, the DO should position the pumper:
as close as possible to the water source
28
drafting operations are required when a pumper must be supplied from a static water source such as:
a dry hydrant, cistern, storage tank, lake, or stream
29
Preferences should be given to drafting locations that are:
accessible from a hard surface that requires a minimum length of hard suction hose or lift.
30
Limiting ________ is of critical importance in achieving the best possible discharge capabilities
lift
31
a dry hydrant consist of:
an intake hose connection on the shore and a length of pipe extended into the water with a strainer on the end
32
What sizes do large diameter hose come in?
common in 100ft sections. Shorter sections of 10-50ft
33
When judging the proper distance to place the apparatus from the hydrant, the distance MUST be judged from:
MUST be judged from the hydrant bc hydrants are located at different distances from the curbs
34
In order to avoid blocking the street with the apparatus when spotting a hydrant, where should they stop?
close to the curb with the pump intake a few feet short of being inline with the hydrant.
35
What does stopping short of the hydrant allow the intake hose to do?
to curve slightly, preventing kinks that can drastically restrict flow
36
A good way to minimize the chance of intake hose kinking is to put a:
counterclockwise twist in the hose when making connection between the hydrant and pumper
37
Dual pumping is when
one hydrant is able to maintain the minimum residual pressure for the total fire flow to supply 2 pumpers
38
What is the key characteristic of a dual pumping operation?
one hydrant supplies water to 2 pumpers simultaneously
39
What is the benefit of dual pumping?
increases the number of discharges, or divides multiple discharges to be managed between 2 DO
40
why might dual pumping be chosen over using multiple hydrants?
it is impractical or impossible to get the needed discharges from multiple hydrants
41
in dual pumping setup, what type of hose is preferred for supplying the second pumper?
Large diameter hose
42
Where should DO's position for dual pumping ops?
where their pumpers can connect with the shortest section of appropriate hose.
43
Why are pumpers positioned in close proximity on scene?
they are both used as attack pumpers at the same incident on the same hydrant
44
what problem can occur if the supply line between pumpers is too long?
friction loss causes low residual pressure and cavitation in the second pumper
45
how should pumpers be positioned in dual pumping operations?
in close proximity, using the same hydrant.
46
what type of pumping operation is tandem pumping considered to be?
relay pumping
47
In tandem pumping, how are pumpers typically positioned?
close together in the supply hose layout
48
when is tandem pumping needed?
when pressures are higher than a single engine is capable of supplying. Also when it is necessary to supply a high-rise sprinkler or standpipe system.
49
In what scenario might tandem pumping be preferred?
when the attack pumper is close to the water source, but a great distance from the fire.
50
What is the max distance apparatus may be positioned apart during tandem operations?
up to 300ft apart
51
What caution should DO take during tandem pumping ops?
avoid surpassing the max operating pressure recommend by the hose manufacturer.
52
What is the difference in level 1 and level 2 staging?
level 1: applied to the initial response of more than 1 unit Level 2: enacted when large a large number of units are responding.
53
When is level 1 staging often used?
on any response of 2 or more units
54
When can the officer call for level 1 staging?
when they have no immediate orders for later arriving apparatus, they can stage while incident is being investigated.
55
What should units do upon receiving a level 1 staging order?
In coming apparatus should NOT pass their last strategic advantage.
56
Where do rescues and ladders companies stop during level 1 staging?
at their last point of access to the scene
57
Where do engines stop during level 1 staging?
Engine companies should NOT pass their last water option
58
Where should other units stop (stage) during level 1 staging?
approximately 1 block away in their direction of travel.
59
When is level 2 staging used?
when numerous units are responding, often involving mutual aid or multiple alarms
60
Who designated the staging area in level 2 staging?
the operations section chief
61
How are units notified of staging area locations in level 2 staging?
over dispatch and respond directly to that location.
62
If the company officer of the first unit to arrive in staging becomes involved in the incident, who may become the initial staging area manager?
The DO
63
What are other names for the hot zone?
restricted zone, exclusion zone, or red zone
64
What is the warm zone also known as?
limited access zone or yellow zone
65
What is the cold zone also called?
support zone or green zone
66
What is the warm zone used for:
provide support for operations in the hot zone and to decon personnel and equipment. *may be considered safe for personnel to enter briefly without PPE
67
What happens in the cold zone?
all incident support functions are conducted. The command post, staging area, and triage/treatment area
68
Position the apparatus so if another vehicle hits it, it will:
deflect the vehicle away from the scene rather than towards it or over a median and into oncoming traffic.
69
How often does "cloud-to-ground" lightening occur?
20-25 million times annually in the US.
70
How many people get struck by lightening per year? How many are killed?
more than 300 people 50 people killed annually over the past 30 years
71
Fog reduces visibility while positioning which will cause a reduction in?
perception time
72
What happens with headlights and warning lights in fog?
reflect of a bank of fog which reduce the DO's ability to see oncoming traffic.
73
What is the one exception to the uphill rule with fire?
wild land fires.
74
Where should apparatus and personnel be during brush fires? why?
downhill of the main body of fire as wildland fires move uphill faster than on flat terrain or downhill
75
When driving on a highway, many apparatus are incapable of traveling as fast as traffic and warning devices can confuse civilian drivers, so sirens should only be used:
only to clear slow moving traffic.
76
DOT's "manual on uniform traffic control devices (MUTCD)" advises that emergency warning lights should:
be used as necessary to reach the incident, but once on the scene, their use should be reduced as much as possible.
77
The following gudielines should be used on bridge incidents:
1. bridge has the load capacity that is safe for the apparatus to drive and operate from. Know the GVWR of the apparatus 2. if multiple apparatus's are on the same bridge, do not park all on the same span. Instead, stagger apparatus in different traffic lanes without parking side by side.
78
How long may it take for a fully loaded train to make a complete stop?
1-2 miles
79
How far of a clear zone should apparatus maintain while working near a train track?
at least 25 ft
80
When preparing to position at an airport incident, the DO has the following safety requirements:
1. watch for victims 2. watch for pools of jet fuel; do not drive through them or be close to them. 3. position upwind of any fire conditions or vapors from pools of fuel 4. watch for wreckage or other debris, which smoke or darkness may obscure, that may damage tires 5. stage the apparatus near the expected touchdown area. complete the response only after aircraft has touched down.
81
When operating at storage tank fires, the apparatus should NEVER
be spotted inside the dike that surrounds tanks. Always spot outside of the dike walls unless the roadway is built on top of the dike.
82
If the aerial device is being used at a storage tank fire, where is the best position of apparatus for foam streams?
Upwind location for aerial if being used for fire attack. It is more efficient to discharge foam streams downwind.
83
What challenges do petroleum storage/processing facilities incidents present?
1. the nature of fuels require upwind and uphill positioning 2. narrow driveways 3. dead-end access 4. overhead obstructions- maze of overhead piping and conduits.

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