Ch 3 QBC Star Flashcards
(153 cards)
1
Q
QBC Star Complete Blood Count Results
A
Hematocrit
Hemoglobin
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
WBCs
Granulocytes
% of Granulocytes
Lymph/Monocytes
% of Lymph/Monocytes
Platelets
2
Q
Most frequently ordered lab
A
CBC
3
Q
CBC
RBC indices:
A
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
Mean corpuscular Hgb (MCH)
Mean corpuscular Hgb Concentration (MCHC)
RBC distribution width (RDW)
4
Q
What is analyzed when a CBC with differential is ordered?
A
Various types of WBCs
5
Q
Normal adult male RBC range
A
4.5-5.9 (x106 cells/uL)
6
Q
Normal adult female RBC Range
A
4.5-5.1 (x106 cells/uL)
7
Q
Anemia causes a disproportionate decrease in:
A
Hct & Hgb
8
Q
Hgb ranges in adult males
A
14-17.5 g/dL
9
Q
Hgb ranges in adult females
A
12.3-15.3 g/dL
10
Q
Hgb critical value (low)
A
<8 g/dL
11
Q
Provides a direct indicated of the oxygen-transport capacity of the blood
A
Hgb concentration
12
Q
Hct in males
A
42-52%
13
Q
Hct in females
A
37-47%
14
Q
Ratio of the volume of erythrocytes to that of the whole blood
A
Hematocrit (Hct)
15
Q
Hct is usually __ times the Hgb.
A
3
16
Q
Red blood cell chracteristics
A
RBC indices
17
Q
RBC indices assess
A
Size and Hgb content of the RBC
18
Q
MCV normal range
A
76-96 fL/cell
19
Q
Estimate of the average size (VOLUME) of RBCs and is the most clinically useful of the RBC indices
A
MCV
20
Q
Calculated from the Hct and red cell count
A
MCV
21
Q
An increase in the MCV is normally associated with:
A
Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency
22
Q
A decrease in MCV is normally associated with:
A
Abnormality in Hgb synthesis, most likely caused by iron deficiency
23
Q
Normal range of Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)
A
27-32 pg/cell
24
Q
Amount of hemoglobin per RBC
A
MCH
25
Increase MCH is seen in:
Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency
26
Decrease in MCH is seen in:
Iron deficiency
27
Normal range of Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
30-35 g/dL
28
Hemoglobin divided by the hematocrit
MCHC
29
Normal range of platelets
150k-400k/uL
30
Critical value (low) platelets, risk of hemorrhage
<20,000
31
Critical value (high) platelets, risk of thrombosis
1,000,000
32
Thrombocytosis can be caused by stress and infection but may also be caused by:
Splenectomy
Trauma
Iron-deficiency anemia
Cirrhosis
33
Thrombocytopenia can be caused by:
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
DIC
Leukemia
Metastatic cancers
34
Normal WBC Range
4.5-11.0 (x103 cells/mm3)
35
Critical (low) value of WBCs
<2,000
36
Critical (high) value of WBCs
30,000
37
Tally of the total number of WBCs in a given volume of blood plus the relative percentages of the WBC by type
Differential
38
Leukopenia may be caused by:
Bone marrow deficiency or failure
Collagen-vascular diseases (Lupus)
Disease of the liver or spleen
Radiation therapy or exposure
39
Leukocytosis can be caused by:
Anemia
Bone marrow tumors
Infectious Diseases
Inflammatory diseases (RH or Allergy)
Leukemia
Severe emotional or physical stress
Tissue damage (burns)
40
Differential normal range for:
Neutrophil
50-70%
41
Differential normal range for:
Bands
0-5%
42
Differential normal range for:
Eosinophils
1-5%
43
Differential normal range for:
Basophils
0-1%
44
Differential normal range for:
Monocytes
1-6%
45
Differential normal range for:
Lymphocytes
20-40%
46
Less mature neutrophils known as bands due to the:
Cresent shaped nucleus
47
Neutrophilia would be caused by
An acute infection
48
The appearance of band cells in an infection is termed:
Left shift
49
When neutrophils and or bands are elevated, what decreases?
Lymphocytes
50
Lymphocytosis is typically an indication of:
Viral infection
51
Eosinophilia is an indicated of:
Parasitic infection
Allergic disorders
52
The ratio of the volume of erythrocytes to that of the whole blood
Hematocrit
53
Hct can be measured directly by:
Centrifugation with macro-methods or micro-methods
54
Hct can be measured indirectly as the product of:
MCV times RBC count in automated instruments
55
Hct value below the reference interval of age and sex
Anemia
56
Hct value above the reference interval of age and sex
Polycythemia
57
The main function of hemoglobin
Transport oxygen from the lungs where tension is high to tissues where tension is low
58
The average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red cells
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
59
Hgb/Hct x 100
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
60
CBC test, used to determine if patients have bleeding disorders or bone marrow diseases, such as leukemia
Platelet Count
61
WBCs
Bacterial infections, inflammations, leukemia, trauma, intense exercise, or stress
Leukocytosis
62
WBCs
Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, diseases of the immune system
Leukopenia
63
Test used to determine infection or leukemia
Helps monitor the body's response to treatments and bone marrow function
WBC
64
WBCs with granules in their cytoplasm
Granulocytes
65
Granulocytes are also called
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN or PML)
66
Three granulocytes, distinguished by their appearance under Wright Stain:
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
67
Most abundant type of phagocyte
Important against infectious disease
50-70% if WBCs
Neutrophils
68
Act as phagocytes and modulate inflammatory response
Inflammatory conditions, allergic reactions, asthma, myocardial diseases
0-5%
Eosinophils
69
Eosinophils are increased with the presence of:
Helminths
70
One of the least abundant cells in the body, 0-1%
Granules are numerous enough to partially conceal the nucleus
Abundant with histamine, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, peroxidase, platelet activating factor, and other substances
Basophil
71
Second most WBC in the body, 20-40%
```
Causes of reactive:
-Viral
-Bacterial
-Drug Reaction
-Misc (autoimmune disease, allergic reaction, malnutrition,
hyperthyroidism)
```
Lymphocyte
72
Lymphocytosis is present when there is an excess of lymphocytes in:
Peripheral blood
73
Absolute lymphocyte count decreases with:
Age
74
Definition of lymphocytosis
4.0 x 10(9)/L
75
Multiplying the percentage of lymphocytes by the total leukocyte count
Absolute lymphocytosis count
76
Used to describe malignant appearing cells
Atypical lymphocytes
77
Used to describe formed or benign lymphocytes
Reactive Lymphocytes
78
Reactive lymphocytes usually account for less than __% of the total lymphocyte present
10%
79
Other terms used to describe reactive lymphocytes
Immunocytes
Transformed lymphocytes
Immunoblasts
Plasmacytoid lymphocytes
Turk cells
Downy Cells
80
Viral causes of reactive lymphocytes:
Adenovirus, Chicken Pox, Cytomegalovirus, EBV (mono), Hepatitis, Herpes Simplex, Herpes Zoster, HIV, Influenza, Paramyxovirus (mumps), Rubella (measles)
81
Bacterial causes of reactive lymphocytes:
Brucellosis
Parathyroid fever
Pertussis
TB
Typhoid fever
82
Drug reaction causes of reactive lymphocytes
During recovery from acute infections (children)
83
Miscellaneous causes of reactive lymphocytes:
Acute infectious lymphocytosis
Allergic reactions
Autoimmune diseases
Hyperthyroidism
Malnutrition
Rickets
Syphilis
Toxoplasmosis
84
Nuclear convolutions
Lacy, delicate chromatin
Dull gray-blue cytoplasm
Blunt pseudopodia
Monocyte
85
The monocyte is formed in the marrow, transported by blood and migrates to tissues where it transforms into:
Histiocyte or macrophage
86
Makes up the mononuclear phagocyte system (reticuloendothelial system)
Blood monocytes and tissue macrophages
87
The mononuclear phagocyte system has an important role in defense against:
Microorganisms: mycobacteria, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, and viruses
88
Two routine user controls for the QBC Star
"STAR" button
Door Release Latch
89
Power switch location
Rear panel on the left side
90
"STAR" Button location
Top of the QBC Star toward the right side
91
Teal colored button and has several functions
"STAR" Button
92
"STAR" button
When an untested tube is in the analyzer
Start Testing
93
"STAR" button
When the instrument is in the process of testing
Abort Testing
94
"STAR" button
After automatic test results printout, before opening the door
Reprint Test Results
95
You can only reprint test results before:
Opening the door
96
Door Release Latch location
Front panel, just below the door
97
The door will only be opened when the system:
Determines that it is safe to do so
98
Door Release Latch pops open the door located:
On the top
99
All system prompts are presented on:
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
100
Printer location:
Top panel of the instrument
101
Test results print automatically at:
End of testing cycle
102
Paper release level is located on the:
Right side of printer
103
Pulled the lever _____ to enable loading paper
Forward
104
Manual Advance Wheel for paper is located on the _____ side of the printer
Right
105
Rotated the manual advance wheel toward the ____ to advance paper when loading
Rear
106
Rotated the wheel _____ to retract paper (unjam a paperjam)
Forward
107
Floppy disk drive is located:
Front panel and bottom right
108
The floppy disk drive is used primarily for:
Software updates
109
To access the floppy disk drive, flip the top of the access door _______
Downward
110
Floppy disks should be inserted:
Shutter first and the label upward
111
Setup Keyboard is located:
Front of the printer beneath the printer access panel
112
Used to enter setup information into the computer, such as the date and time, LCD contrast, etc.
Setup Keyboard
113
QBC star makes it possible to quantify:
Buffy coat cells
114
The grayish-white layer (Buffy coat) contains packed:
Leukocytes and thrombocytes
115
QBC Star tube is spun at a high rate of speed that separates blood into layers or bands from:
Heaviest to lightest
116
QBC Star tubes are designed to enhance:
natural separation
117
QBC Star:
Granulocytes appear:
Orange-yellow
118
QBC Star:
Lymphocytes/monocytes appear:
Green
119
QBC Star:
Platelets appear:
Yellow-orange
120
QBC Star tube, mechanically expands the buffy coat layer
Precision plastic float
121
QBC Star
Directly measured from the cell layers
Hematocrit
WBCs
Platelet count
122
The float, whose density approximates the buffy coat cells, will also penetrate the:
Red blood cell layer
123
Directly related to the density of the red blood cells, and is based on the depth of penetration of the float into the RBC layer
Hemoglobin
124
Electronically calculated using the standard formula (Hgb/Hct) x 100
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
125
QBC star is internally coated with anticoagulants that allow for collection of:
Capillary blood
126
The QBC Star system is intended for in vitro:
Diagnostic use
127
QBC Star
Materials and equipment required for testing
Whole blood (venipuncture in purple top)
QBC Star Blood collection tubes
QBC Star Instrument
Printer Paper
128
What is displayed after you turn on the QBC Star
"System Check in Progress Please Wait"
129
When self-test is complete, and the system is ready the following message will display:
"Ready Insert sample Close Door Press Star"
130
QBC Star blood source can either be:
Capillary stick drop of blood
Venous blood (Purple Top)
131
Purple top
It is important to gently invert the blood tube ____ times
12-15
132
The QBC Star tube fills itself by:
Capillary action
133
Fill the QBC Star tube to the:
Second black line
134
QBC Star tube must always be filled to at least the:
First black line
135
QBC Star tube
Blood volume is between ___ and ___ microliters
65-75
136
Place the QBC Star Tube into the instrument within ___ minutes of filling
15 minutes
137
Rock the QBC Star tube back and forth at least _____ times to mix the blood with the orange coating
Four
138
QBC Star Tube
Do not allow the blood to touch the:
White plug at the end of the tube
139
One rock of the QBC Star Tube
Blood to flow from collection end toward the plug end AND back
140
Push the ____ to start the test cycle
"Star"
141
If the system detects the cap is not seated properly, what message will show?
"Sample cap Not Seated"
142
The instrument mixes the tube contents for:
30 seconds
143
What descends from the top of the tube toward the closure end, ultimately mixes the blood and reagents in the tube?
The float
144
The centrifuge accelerates to high speed to separate and pack the cell populations into distinct:
Cell bands
145
Series of readings taken that are displayed while test is being performed
"Reading Cycle in Progress"
"Scanning QBC Sample"
"Analyzing QBC Scan Data"
146
You must manually keep track of the link between the test results and the:
Patient
147
Electronic QC values are only printed every:
8 hours
Startup
148
Any results out of reporting range are shown on the display as:
Dashes instead of actually numerical values
149
Out of range readings are indicated for:
Greater than or less than the maximum or minimum level
150
Calculated values based on out-of-range readings print as
"No Report"
151
Dispose the use QBC Star tube in:
Biohazard Sharps container
152
Clean the interior and exterior surfaces of the QBC Star with a damp cloth and use ______ to remove stains
Mild detergent
153
If blood or glass should escape the plastic protective tube, clean and disinfect the QBC Star instrument as follows:
Put on puncture resistant gloves
Use hemostats to pick up glass/plastic fragments
Dispose of fragments in sharps container
Clean surfaces with 10% bleach
Let stand for 10 minutes
Rinse thoroughly with water and dry
