Ch. 36 Misc. Tests

Question 1

Where is Creatine Kinase (CK) primarily produced?

Answer 1

in striated muscle cells and to some extent in the brain

Question 2

CK cannot determine what

Answer 2

which muscle is damaged or the severity

Question 3

Artificial elevations of CK

Answer 3

bleach, EDTA, fluoride, exposure to light, or delay in assay

Question 4

What are Cardiac troponins (CTns)?

Answer 4

proteins involved in regulating the initiation of skeletal muscle contraction

Question 5

Increases in CTn levels indicate _ _ damage, and the level of increase can aid in determining the degree of damage and elapsed time as the damage occurred.

Answer 5

cardiac muscle

Question 6

What is brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Answer 6

a hormone secreted by myocytes that function in maintenance of blood pressure

Question 7

Elevation of BNP occurs with

Answer 7

increased ventricular filling pressure and may aid in the dx of heart failure

Question 8

Both CTn and BNP are _assays

Answer 8

immunoassays

Question 9

Presence of lactate does not indicate a

Answer 9

specific disease

Question 10

What does high levels of lactate indicate?

Answer 10

hypoxia or hypoperfusion

Question 11

What sample is used to run a lactate

Answer 11

plasma, peritoneal fluid, CSF

Compare plasma to peritoneal fluid

Question 12

What is lactate dehydrogenase (LD)

Answer 12

a serum enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate

Question 13

Almost all tissues have _ but major sources are liver, muscle, and RBCs

Answer 13

LD

Question 14

When stressed, brain triggers the hypothalamus to secrete

Answer 14

corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)

Question 15

_ is the major hormone released in animals

Answer 15

cortisol

Question 16

Brain or pituitary tumors and overuse of glucocorticoids may cause _ cortisol release and _ (Cushing disease)

Answer 16

excessive; hyperadrenocorticism

Question 17

Decrease in cortisol =

Answer 17

hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s Disease)

Question 18

ACTH Stim tests are used in animals with suspected

Answer 18

Addison’s or Cushing’s disease

Question 19

How accurate is a ACTH Stimulation test in cats and dogs

Answer 19

Dog- 80%
Cat- 50%

Question 20

Low dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDS) confirms or replaces ACTH response test for _

Answer 20

hyperadrenocorticism (cushings)

Question 21

High dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDS) goes further than LDDS by

Answer 21

differentiating pituitary from adrenal causes

Question 22

Only _ dose dexamethasone suppression test is suitable

Answer 22

high

Question 23

What does corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation differentiate between?

Answer 23

pituitary dependent and primary hyperadrenocorticism

Question 24

Thyroid hormone influences

Answer 24

metabolic rate, growth, and differentiation of all body cells

Question 25

Thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF) triggers release of thyrotropin or _

Answer 25

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 26

TSH enhances thyroid _,_,and _ _

Answer 26

growth, function, and thyroxine release

Question 27

In house testing performed with immunologic methods for thyroid

Answer 27

T4 and free T4

Question 28

Malassimilation is classified by what 2 pathophysiologic process

Answer 28

Maldigestive or Malabsorptive

Question 29

What is maldigestion

Answer 29

altered gastric secretion and lack of or decrease digestive enzymes 90% of pancreas malfunctioning before symptoms occur

Question 30

What is malabsorption

Answer 30

acquired disease of intestinal wall or bacterial overgrowth

Question 31

What is another test of protein-losing gastroenteropathy

Answer 31

Fecal occult blood

Question 32

Dramatic signs of GI function

Answer 32

Melena- black feces, heavy blood loss Hematochezia- frank fecal blood

Question 33

Subtle signs of GI function

Answer 33

GI ulcers, neoplasia, parasitism Low-level bleeding may lead to iron deficiency anemia

Question 34

Guaiac impregnated strips respond to

Answer 34

dietary hemoglobin and myoglobin (meat free for 3 days before testing)

Question 35

What is d-xylose absorption

Answer 35

a five-carbon sugar absorbed in the jejunum and excreted rapidly by the kidneys

Question 36

Both concentrations of Serum folate and cobalamin tend to decrease in

Answer 36

malabsorption

Question 37

Folate is absorbe in

Answer 37

proximal intestine

Question 38

Cobalamin is absorbed in

Answer 38

ileum

Question 39

Synovial fluid mucin forms a clot when added to acetic acid. It reflects the quality and concentration of

Answer 39

hyaluronic acid

Question 40

What is the term for lead poisoning

Answer 40

plumbism

Question 41

_ is in the following: paint, ammo, linoleum, car batteries, solder, roofing materials, and petroleum products

Answer 41

lead

Question 42

Clinical signs of lead poisoning vary from _ to _

Answer 42

GI to CNS

Question 43

What can confirm suspicion of lead poisoning on a blood smear

Answer 43

basophilic stippling

Question 44

Nitrate or Nitrite poisoning is done on the

Answer 44

plant

Question 45

What tests would be done if suspect anticoagulant and rodenticide ingestion

Answer 45

PT, PTT, and ACT

Question 46

Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) is _ or _ in dogs and cats

Answer 46

serious or fatal