ch 4 - skeletal system Flashcards
1
Q
ankylosing spondylitis
A
inflammation of one or more vertebrae characterized by joint stiffness or immobility; rheumatoid arthritis of the spine
2
Q
ankylosis
A
immobility of a joint
3
Q
arthralgia
A
joint pain
4
Q
arthritis
A
inflammation of a joint
5
Q
arthrocentesis
A
surgical puncture of a joint to withdraw fluid
6
Q
arthrochondritis
A
inflammation of an articular cartilage
7
Q
arthroclasis
A
therapeutic breaking of a joint or adhesions of a joint
8
Q
arthrodesis
A
surgical fixation, binding, or immobilization of a joint
9
Q
arthrogram
A
picture or record of a joint
10
Q
arthrography
A
process of obtaining a radiograph of the internal
11
Q
arthroplasty
A
surgical repair of a joint
12
Q
arthroscopy
A
visualization of the internal structures of a joint using an endoscope
13
Q
arthrotomy
A
incision into a joint
14
Q
articulation
A
area where two or more bones meet; a joint
15
Q
baker’s cyst
A
accumulation of synovial fluid in the knee joint
16
Q
bone marrow aspiration
A
removing a sample of bone
17
Q
bone scan
A
visualization of the structure of the bone using a radioisotope; a nuclear medicine examination
18
Q
bunion
A
inflammation and enlargement of the bursa of the joint of the great (big) toe; also known as hallux valgus
19
Q
bunionectomy
A
surgical removal of a bunion
20
Q
bursectomy
A
surgical removal of a bursa
21
Q
bursitis
A
inflammation of the bursa
22
Q
bursotomy
A
incision into a bursa
23
Q
chiropractor
A
practitioner who uses mechanical manipulation of the spinal column as a primary treatment method
24
Q
chondromalacia
A
softening of cartilage
25
closed reduction
process of aligning fractured bones through manual manipulation or traction
26
cranial
pertaining to the cranium or skull
27
craniotomy
incision into the cranium or bones of the skull
28
crepitation
crackling or clicking sound present during joint movement
29
diskectomy
surgical removal of a herniated intervertebral disk
30
dislocation
temporary displacement of a bone from its joint
31
dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
noninvasive x-ray procedure that measures bone density
32
dual-photon absorptiometry
small amount of radiation to measure bone density
33
external fixation
fracture treatment procedure in which pins (or other fixation devices) are placed through the soft tissues and bone and an external appliance is used to hold the bone in alignment; the external fixation appliance is removed after healing occurs
34
femoral
pertaining to the femur
35
fracture
breaking of a bone; broken bone
36
gout
acute arthritis characterized by inflammation of the first joint of the great toe
37
herniated disk
rupture of the intervertebral disk, which protrudes between the vertebra and puts pressure on the spinal nerve root; also called a ruptured or slipped disk
38
humeral
pertaining to the humerus
39
intercostal
pertaining to between the ribs
40
intervertebral
pertaining to between the vertebrae
41
ischiopubic
pertaining to the ischium and pubis
42
kyphosis
outward (posterior) curvature of the thoracic spine
43
laminectomy
surgical removal of the posterior arch of the vertebra
44
lordosis
forward (anterior) curvature of the lumbar
45
lumbar
pertaining to the lower back
46
lumbosacral
pertaining to the lower back or lumbar region and sacrum
47
myeloma
tumor originating from the bone marrow
48
open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)
surgical alignment of fractured bones using screws, pins, wires, or nails to maintain bone alignment; internal fixation devices are not removed after the bone is healed
49
open reduction
alignment of fractured bones through a surgically opened wound
50
orthopedics
branch of medicine pertaining to the study and treatment of diseases and abnormalities of the skeletal and muscular systems
51
orthopedist
physician who specializes in orthopedics
52
osteitis
inflammation of the bone
53
osteoblast
immature bone or bone cell
54
osteochondritis
inflammation of bone and cartilage
55
osteoclasis
surgical fracture of a bone
56
osteocyte
mature bone cell
57
osteofibroma
tumor of bony and fibrous tissue
58
osteomalacia
softening of the bone in adults
59
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
60
osteoplasty
surgical repair of a bone
61
osteoporosis
decreased bone density or loss of bone mass
62
osteosarcoma
malignant tumor of bone
63
osteotomy
incision into a bone
64
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
chronic, systemic inflammatory disease of the joints, especially the joints of the hands and feet
65
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
66
spinal fusion
permanent joining of two or more vertebrae
67
spondylitis
inflammation of one or more vertebrae
68
spur
bony growth arising from the surface of the bone
69
subluxation
partial dislocation of a bone from its joint
70
submandibular
pertaining to under or below the mandible
71
submaxillary
pertaining to under or below the maxilla
72
substernal
pertaining to under or below the sternum
73
supraclavicular
pertaining to above the sternum and clavicle
74
synovectomy
surgical removal of a synovial membrane
75
talipes
congenital deformity characterized by an abnormal alignment of the bones of the feet; layman's term clubfoot
76
total hip replacement (THR)
surgical replacement of the head and neck of the femur and the acetabulum with synthetic components; a synthetic stem (shaft) is placed in the shaft of the femur
77
dia-
complete, through
78
dis-
apart, to separate
79
inter
between
80
meta
change, beyond
81
sub
below
82
acetabul/o
hip socket
83
acr/o
extremities, limbs
84
acromi/o
extension of the shoulder bone
85
ankyl/o
crooked, bent, stiff
86
append/o
arms, legs. appendages
87
arthr/o
joint
88
articul/o
joint
89
burs/o
bursa, fluid filled pouch
90
cancel/o
latticed, having openings
91
carp/o
wrist bones
92
chondr/o
cartilage
93
clavicul/o
collar bone
94
cleid/o
collar bone
95
cost/o
ribs
96
coccyg/o
coccyx end of the tail bone
97
crani/o
skull
98
crepitus
crackling sound
99
cervic/o
neck
100
chir/o
hand
101
disc/o, disk/o
soft pad between the vertebra
102
faci/o
face
103
femor/o
femur bone
104
glen/o
the glenoid fossa of the shoulder blade
105
gnath/o
jaw
106
humer/o
humerus bone
107
ili/o
flat bone of the pelvis
108
ischi/o
part of the pelvis, the ischium
109
kyph/o
outward (posterior) curvature of the thoracic spine
110
ligament/o
fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone
111
lord/o
forward (anterior) curvature of the lumbar and cervical
112
lumb/o
the low back
113
mandibul/o
lower jaw bone
114
maxill/o
upper jaw bone
115
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
116
orth/o
straight
117
oste/o
bone
118
patell/o
knee cap
119
phalang/o
fingers and toes
120
physi/o
function
121
ped/o
child, foot
122
pod/o
foot
123
prosop/o
face
124
pub/o
pubic bone
125
rachi/o
spinal column
126
radi/o
radius bone of the arm
127
sacr/o
sacrum or tailbone
128
scapul/o
shoulder blade
129
scoli/o
crooked, bent
130
spin/o
spine
131
spondyl/o
vertebra, backbone
132
stern/o
breast bone
133
tars/o
bones of the ankle
134
tibi/o
large bone of the lower leg, shin bone
135
uln/o
ulna, bone of the forearm
136
vertebr/o
vertebra, the bony part of the spine
137
-blast
to form
138
-clast, clasis
to break down
139
-iatry, iatr/o
physician
140
-ist
specialist
141
-ium
structure or tissue
142
-malacia
softening
143
-physis
growth plate of the bone
144
-plasty
surgical repair
145
por/o
opening, spaces
146
-sclerosis
hardening
147
-otomy
cut
148
Acromioclavicular Joint Abb
AC
149
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Abb
ACL
150
Lateral collateral ligament abb
LCL
151
Medial collateral ligament abb
MCL
152
Posterior cruciate ligament abb
PCL
153
Total hip replacement abb
THR
154
Temporomandibular joint abb
TMJ
155
acromioclavicular joint
joint where the collar bone meets the shoulder blade
156
ankylosis
abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones
157
appendicular
relating to or denoting an appendage or appendages
158
arthralgia
pain in the joint
159
arthritis
inflammation in the joint
160
arthrochondritis
inflammation of the cartilage of the joint
161
arthrogram
picture or record of a joint
162
arthrography
process of obtaining a radiograph of the internal
163
arthroplasty
surgical repair of a joint
164
arthroscopy
visualization of the internal structures of a joint using an endoscope
165
articulation
the joining of segments that allow motion. a joint.
166
axial skeleton
part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate
167
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
168
cancellous bone
bone marrow. latticed/having openings
169
carpal
group of bones supporting the wrist
170
cervical
relating to a neck of the spine and a part of the uterus
171
chiropractor
a practitioner of the system of integrative medicine based on the diagnosis and manipulative treatment of misalignments of the joints
172
clavicle
collar bone
173
coccyx
small bone that articulates with the sacrum. it is located as the distal end of the tail bone. noun
174
costalgia
painful ribs
175
costochondritis
painful cartilage of the ribs
176
cranial
pertaining to the cranium or skull
177
crepitation
a crackling or rattling sound of joints, tendons or lungs
178
discectomy
surgical removal of the whole or a part of the intevertebral disc
179
discopathy
noun. any disease affecting an intervertebral disk
180
dislocation
displacement of one or more bones at a joint
181
femur
proximal bone of the hind or lower limb that extends from the hip to the knee-- called also thighbone
182
fracture
breaking of a bone; broken bone
183
glenohumeral
shoulder joint
184
humerus
longest bone of the upper arm extending from the shoulder to the elbow
185
ilium
dorsal, upper, and largest one of the three bones composing either lateral half of the pelvis
186
intercostal
between the ribs
187
intervertebral
between the boney segments of the spine
188
ischium
inferior (lower) segment of the hip bone. The portion of the pelvic bone that you sit on
189
ischiopubic
pertaining to the ischium and pubis
190
kyphosis
abnormal outward (posterior) curvature of the thoracic spine
191
lordosis
forward (anterior) curvature of the lumbar
192
lumbar
relating or or constituting the loins or the vertebrae between the thoracic vertebrae and sacrum
193
lumbosacral
pertaining to the lower back or lumbar region and sacrum
194
mandible
lower jaw
195
maxilla
upper portion of the jaw
196
micrognathia
small jaw
197
orthopedist
a doctor who specializes in the branch of medicine concerned with the correction or prevention of deformities, disorders, or injuries of the skeleton and associated structures
198
osteitis
inflammation of the bone
199
osteoarthritis
common form of arthritis. involves the bone and the joint
200
osteoblast
bone cells that form bone
201
osteochondritis
inflammation of the cartilaginous part of the bone
202
osteoclasts
bone cells that reabsorb bone matrix
203
osteocyte
bone cell
204
osteopathy
a branch of medical practice that emphasizes the treatment of medical disorders through the manipulation and massage of the bones, joints, and muscles
205
periosteum
outer membranous layer that coats the bone
206
phalange
noun. one of the digital bones of the hand or foot
207
physiatrist
a medical doctor or, a doctor of osteopathic medicine, who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation
208
sacrococcygeal
pertaining to the sacrum and the tailbone
209
spondylitis
inflammation of the joints of the backbone
210
sacroiliac
relating to, affecting, or being the region of the joint between the sacrum and the ilium
211
scapula
shoulder blade
212
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curve of the spine
213
sternum
breastbone
214
submandibular
below the lower jaw bone
215
submaxillary
below the upper jaw bone
216
substernal
below the breast bone
217
supraclavicular
above the collar bone
218
tarsal
bones of the ankle
219
tarsometatarsal
joint between the bones of the ankle and bones of the foot
220
temporomandibular joint
jaw joint
221
thoracic
pertaining to the chest
222
metatarsal
relating to, or being the part of the human foot
223
metatarsophalangeal
relating to, or involving both the metatarsus and the phalanges. The joint where they meet
224
myelopathy
disease or disorder of the spinal cord or bone marrow
225
vertebral
of, relating to, or being vertebrae or the spinal column
