Ch 6 - Digestive System Flashcards
(94 cards)
1
Q
dent/o
A
teeth
2
Q
odont/o
A
teeth
3
Q
gingiv/o
A
gums
4
Q
-ist
A
specialist
5
Q
orth/o
A
straight
6
Q
gloss/o
A
tongue
7
Q
lingu/o
A
tongue
8
Q
or/o
A
mouth
9
Q
stomat/o
A
mouth
10
Q
ptyal/o
A
saliva
11
Q
sial/o
A
saliva, salivary gland
12
Q
-rrhea
A
discharge, flow
13
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
14
Q
pharyng/o
A
pharynx (throat)
15
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
16
Q
pylor/o
A
pylorus (sphincter in lower portion of the stomach)
17
Q
-algia
A
pain
18
Q
-dynia
A
pain
19
Q
-emesis
A
vomiting
20
Q
-megaly
A
enlargement
21
Q
-orexia
A
appetite
22
Q
-pepsia
A
digestion
23
Q
dys-
A
bad, painful, difficult
24
Q
-phagia
A
swallowing, eating
25
maxill/o
maxilla (jaw)
26
-osis
abnormal condition, increase (used primarily with blood cells)
27
myc/o
fungus
28
EGD
esophag/o/gastr/o/duoden/o/scopy
29
duoden/o
duodenum (first part of the small intestine)
30
enter/o
intestine (usually small intestine)
31
jejun/o
jejunum (second part of the small intestine)
32
ile/o
ileum (third part of the small intestine)
33
append/o
appendix
34
appendic/o
appendix
35
col/o
colon
36
colon/o
colon
37
proct/o
anus, rectum
38
rect/o
rectum
39
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
40
-cele
hernia, swelling
41
-stomy
forming an opening (mouth)
42
-rrhaphy
suture
43
anastomosis
connection between two vessels, bowel segments, or ducts
44
feces
waste matter eliminated from the bowels
45
cholangi/o
bile vessel
46
chol/e
bile, gall
47
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
48
choledoch/o
bile duct
49
hepat/o
liver
50
pancreat/o
pancreas
51
-lysis
separation, destruction, loosening
52
-iasis
abnormal condition (produced by something specified)
53
-lith
stone
54
-prandial
meal
55
therm/o
heat
56
tox/o
poison
57
toxic/o
poison
58
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
59
ESWL
extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
use of shock waves as a noninvasive method to destroy stones in the gallbladder and biliary ducts
60
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease
backflow (reflux) of gastric contents into the esophagus due to malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
61
GI
gastrointestinal
62
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix, which is usually acute and caused by blockage of the appendix followed by infection
63
ascites
abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
64
borborygmus
gurgling or rumbling sound heard over the large intestine that is caused by gas moving through the intestines
65
cirrhosis
chronic liver disease characterized by destruction of liver cells that eventually leads to ineffective liver function and jaundice
66
diverticular disease
condition in which bulging pouches (diverticula) in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract push the mucosal lining through the surrounding muscle
67
dysentery
inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, which may be caused by chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites
68
fistula
abnormal passage from one organ to another, or from a hollow organ to the surface
69
hematochezia
passage of stools containing bright red blood
70
hemorrhoid
mass of enlarged, twisted varicose veins in the mucous membrane inside (internal) or just outside (external) the rectum; also known as piles
71
hernia
protrusion or projection of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it
72
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
ulceration of the colon mucosa
73
Crohn's Disease
chronic IBD that usually affects the ileum but may affect any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional colitis
74
ulcerative colitis
chronic IBD of the colon characterized by episodes of diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and pain
75
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
condition characterized by gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, including constipation, diarrhea, gas, and bloating, all in the absence of organic pathology; also called spastic colon
76
jaundice
yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the sclerae of the eyes caused by excessive levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyper bilirubinemia)
77
obesity
condition in which a person accumulates an amount of fat that exceeds the body's skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20% or more above ideal body weight
morbid obesity: more severe obesity, BMI of 40 or greater which is generally 100 pounds or more over ideal body weight
78
polyp
small, tumorlike, benign growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface
79
colonic polyposis
condition in which polyps project from the mucous membrane of the colon
80
polyposis
condition in which polyps develop in the intestinal tract
81
ulcer
open sore or lesion of the skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue
82
volvulus
twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction
83
barium enema (BE)
radiographic examination of the rectum and colon after administration of barium sulfate (radiopaque contrast medium) into the rectum
84
barium swallow
radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine after oral administration of barium sulfate (radiopaque contrast medium); also called upper GI series
85
computed tomography (CT)
radiographic techniques that uses a narrow beam of x-rays that rotates in a full arc around the patient to acquire multiple views of the body that a computer interprets to produce cross-sectional images of that body part
86
endoscopy
visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
Upper GI: esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
Lower GI: colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal
87
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
radiographic technique that uses electromagnetic energy to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of the body
88
stool guaiac
test performed on feces using the reagent gum guaiac to detect presence of blood in feces that is not apparent on visual inspection; also called hemoccult test
89
ultrasonography (US)
imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that bounce off body tissues and are recorded to produce an image of an internal organ or tissue
90
bariatric surgery: vertical banded gastroplasty
bariatric surgery in which the upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled vertically to reduce it to a small pouch and a band is inserted that restricts and delays food from leaving the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness
91
bariatric surgery: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)
bariatric surgery in which the stomach is first stapled to decrease it to a small pouch and then the jejunum is shortened and connected to the small stomach pouch, causing the base of the duodenum leading from the nonfunctioning portion of the stomach to form a Y configuration, which decreases the pathway of food through the intestine, thus reducing the absorption of calories and fats
92
lithotripsy
procedure for eliminating a stone within the gallbladder or urinary system by crushing the stone surgically or using a noninvasive method, such as ultrasonic shock waves, to shatter it
93
nasogastric intubation
insertion of a nasogastric tube through the nose into the stomach
94
friable
easily broken or pulverized
