Ch 7 - Urinary System Flashcards
(67 cards)
1
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder
2
Q
vesic/o
A
bladder
3
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus
cluster of capillaries forming the structural and functional unit of the kidney known as the nephron. glomerular capillaries filter fluid, the first step in urine formation.
4
Q
meat/o
A
opening, meatus
5
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
6
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
7
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
“pelvis” denotes any bowl-shaped structure
8
Q
ur/o
A
urine, urinary tract
9
Q
urin/o
A
urine, urinary tract
10
Q
ureter/o
A
ureter
11
Q
urethr/o
A
urethra
12
Q
-emia
A
blood condition
13
Q
-iasis
A
abnormal condition (produced by something specified)
14
Q
-lysis
A
separation; destruction; loosening
15
Q
-pathy
A
disease
16
Q
-pexy
A
fixation (of an organ)
17
Q
-ptosis
A
prolapse, downward displacement
18
Q
-tripsy
A
crushing
19
Q
-uria
A
urine
20
Q
lith/o
A
stone, calculus
21
Q
poly-
A
many, much
22
Q
-ectomy
A
excision, removal
23
Q
-tomy
A
incision
24
Q
-tome
A
instrument to cut
25
edema
swelling
26
supra-
above, excessive, superior
27
scler/o
hardening of a body part (also sclera - white of the eye)
28
-megaly
enlargement
29
-ectasis
dilation or expansion
30
-rrhaphy
suture
31
lumen
tubular space within a structure
32
aden/o
gland
33
nephrons
microscopic filtering units of the kidneys designed to filter urea and other waste products from the blood. also responsible for maintaining homeostasis.
34
carcin/o
cancer
35
olig/o
scanty
36
KUB
kidney, ureter, bladder
radiographic examination to determine the location, size, shape, and malformation of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
37
IVP
intravenous pyelography
radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serial x-ray films are taken to provide visualization of the entire urinary tract; also called intravenous urography (IVU) or excretory urography (EU)
38
retro-
backward, behind
39
-grade
to go
40
RP
retrograde pyelography
radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is introduced through a cystoscope directly into the bladder and ureters using small-caliber catheters
41
azot/o
nitrogenous compounds
42
py/o
pus
43
ARF
acute renal failure
any condition that impairs flow of blood to the kidneys, such as shock, injury, or exposure to toxins
44
ESWL
extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
45
leuk/o
white
46
erythr/o
red
47
azoturia
increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine
48
diuresis
increased formation and secretion of urine
49
dysuria
painful or difficult urination, symptomatic of cystitis and other urinary tract conditions
50
end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
kidney disease that has advanced to the point that the kidneys can no longer adequately filter the blood and, ultimately, required dialysis or renal transplantation for survival; also called chronic renal failure (CRF)
51
enuresis
involuntary discharge of urine after an age at which bladder control should be established; also called bed wetting at night or nocturnal enuresis
52
hypospadias
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
53
interstitial nephritis
condition associated with pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue that may be primary or due to a toxic agent, such as a drug or chemical, which results in destruction of nephrons and severe impairment in renal function
54
renal hypertension
high blood pressure that results from kidney disease
55
uremia
elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waste products from the blood, as occurs in renal failure; also called azotemia
56
Wilms tumor
malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, usually before age 5
57
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
laboratory test that measures the amount of urea (nitrogenous blood waste product) in the blood and demonstrates the kidneys' ability to filter urea from the blood for excretion in urine
58
pyelography
radiographic study of the kidneys, ureters, and usually the bladder after injection of a contrast agent
59
renal scan
nuclear medicine imaging procedure that determines renal function and shape through measurement of a radioactive substance that is injected intravenously and concentrates in the kidney
60
urinalysis
physical, chemical, and microscopic evaluation of urine
61
voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)
radiography of the bladder and urethra after filling the bladder with a contrast medium and during the process of voiding urine
62
catheterization
insertion of a catheter (hollow flexible tube) into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or remove fluid - most commonly through the urethra into the bladder to withdraw urine.
63
dialysis
mechanical filtering process used to cleanse blood of high concentrations of metabolic waste products, draw off excess fluids, and regulate body chemistry when kidneys fail to function properly
64
hemodialysis
process of removing excess fluids and toxins from the blood by continually shunting (diverting) the patient's blood from the body into a dialysis machine for filtering, and then returning the clean blood to the patient's body via tubes connected to the circulatory system
65
peritoneal dialysis
dialysis in which the patient's own peritoneum is used as the dialyzing membrane
66
renal transplantation
organ transplantation of a kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease; also called kidney transplantation
67
noct/o
night
