Ch 7 - SCI: Epidemiology and Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the incidence of SCI in the US?

A

40 new injuries per million population/year = 12,000 new SCI cases/year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the prevelance of SCI in the US?

A

Approximately 273,000 cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the average age of injury of SCI?

A

42.6 years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the MCC of SCI in elderly?

A

Falls followed by MVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the MC times for SCI?

A

– Summer season (highest incidence in July)
– Weekends (Saturday > Sunday)
– Nighttime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the MC level of spinal cord injury?

A

C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the MC level of injury of paraplgeia?

A

T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the MC type of SCI?

A

Incomplete tetraplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe association with marriage and SCI.

A

MC to be single
Likelihood of marriage after SCI is reduced
Post-injury marriages survive better than pre-injury marriages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe association with return to work after SCI.

A

1 year post-injury 11.8% employed

20 years post injury 35% employed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the leading cause of death for chronic SCI?

A

Respiratory d/o

Pneumonia MCC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are secondary causes of death in chronic SCI?

A
  1. Heart disease
  2. Septicemia from pressure ulcers, UTI or respiratory infection
  3. Cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the relationship between SCI and suicide?

A

2nd MCC of death in <25 yo

MC in paraplegia than tetraplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the conus medullaris become the cauda equina?

A

L1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the location of the Fasiculus gracilis?

A

Medial dorsal columns

Proprioception from the leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the Fasiculus gracilis?

A

Light touch and vibration

17
Q

What is the location of the Fasiculus cuneatus?

A

Lateral dorsal columns

Proprioception from the arm

18
Q

What is the function of the Fasiculus cuneatus?

A

Light touch and vibration

19
Q

What is the location of the Spinocerebellar tract?

A

Superficial lateral column

20
Q

What is the function of the Spinocerebellar tract?

A

Muscular position and tone, unconscious proprioception

21
Q

What is the location of the Lateral spinothalamic tract?

A

Ventrolateral column

22
Q

What is the function of the Lateral spinothalamic tract?

A

Pain and thermal sensation

23
Q

What is the location of the Ventral spinothalamic tract?

A

ventral column

24
Q

What is the function of the Ventral spinothalamic tract?

A

Tactile sensation of crude touch and pressure

25
Q

What is the location of the Lateral corticospinal tract?

A

Deep lateral column

26
Q

What is the function of the Lateral corticospinal tract?

A

Motor: Theorized to have motor fibers running, medial (cervical)→ lateral (sacral) C → S (motor neuron distribution)

27
Q

What is the location of the Anterior corticospinal tract?

A

Medial ventral column

28
Q

What is the function of the Anterior corticospinal tract?

A

Motor: Neck and trunk movements

29
Q

Where do the Lateral corticospinal tracts cross?

A

80% to 90% of the axons cross over (decussate) to the contralateral side at the pyramidal decussation in the medulla

30
Q

What is the function of the spinocerebellar tracts?

A

Transmit unconscious proprioception from the ipsilateral side of the body and do not cross

31
Q

Where do Lateral spinothalamic tracts cross and run?

A

Fibers cross over to the opposite half of the cord within 1 to 3 vertebral segments, ascend in the lateral spinothalamic tracts to the thalamus on the opposite side and then ascend in the internal capsule to the postcentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex

32
Q

Where do the Dorsal columns cross and run?

A

Sensory fibers synapse at DRG and immediately ascend in to the ipsilateral dorsal white columns, travel up to the medulla, and decussated

33
Q

What is the blood supply of the spinal cord?

A

1 anterior spinal artery: supplies anterior 2/3

2 posterior spinal arteries supply posterior 1/3 of the cord

34
Q

What is the artery of Adamkiewicz?

A

Arises from the left intercostal or lumbar artery at the levels of T9–L3 and provides the major blood supply to the lower 2/3 of the lumbosacral spinal cord

35
Q

What is the watershed area of the spinal cord?

A

Fewer radicular arteries that supply T4–T6 and prone to ischemia during clamping of the aorta during surgery