Ch 8 IDs Flashcards
1
Q
Tariff of 1816 (Who)
A
Congress
2
Q
Tariff of 1816 (What)
A
Protective tariff that limited competition from abroad on wide range of items
3
Q
Tariff of 1816 (When)
A
1816
4
Q
Tariff of 1816 (Where)
A
US
5
Q
Tariff of 1816 (Why)
A
Farmers had to pay more
Nationalist dream of US industrial economy prevailed
6
Q
The American System (Who)
A
Henry Clay
7
Q
The American System (What)
A
Economic plan entailing tariffs, internal improvements, and a US bank
8
Q
The American System (When)
A
1815
9
Q
The American System (Where)
A
US
10
Q
The American System (Why)
A
Encouraged westward movement
11
Q
John Calhoun (Who)
A
US rep
12
Q
John Calhoun (What)
A
Introduced a bill that would have used fund owed to government to finace internal improvements
13
Q
John Calhoun (When)
A
1815
14
Q
John Calhoun (Where)
A
US
15
Q
John Calhoun (Why)
A
Congress passed Calhoun’s bill put the president, James Madison, vetoed it because did not think Congress had this authority
16
Q
Henry Clay (Who)
A
Speaker of the House
17
Q
Henry Clay (What)
A
Introduced the American System
18
Q
Henry Clay (When)
A
1815
19
Q
Henry Clay (Where)
A
US
20
Q
Henry Clay (Why)
A
Encouraged westward movement
21
Q
Transportation revolution (Who)
A
Inventors
22
Q
Transportation revolution (What)
A
Period in which steam power, canals, and roads emerged
23
Q
Transportation revolution (When)
A
1830s
24
Q
Transportation revolution (Where)
A
US
25
Transportation revolution (Why)
Aided US commerce and westward expansion
26
Second Bank of the US (Who)
Congress
27
Second Bank of the US (What)
Essentially the same institution Hamilton founded except with more capital
28
Second Bank of the US (When)
1816
29
Second Bank of the US (Where)
US
30
Second Bank of the US (Why)
Because of its size, it dominated state banks
31
Agricultural development of cotton (Who)
Eli Whitney
32
Agricultural development of cotton (What)
Cotton gin facilitated cotton production
33
Agricultural development of cotton (When)
1793
34
Agricultural development of cotton (Where)
US
35
Agricultural development of cotton (Why)
Increased the need for slavery
| Cotton spread west
36
National road (Who)
Federal government
37
National road (What)
Major highway
38
National road (When)
1811
39
National road (Where)
MD to VA
40
National road (Why)
First major improved highway in US to be built by federal government
Spurred westward expansion
41
Growing difference between North and South (Who)
Northerners and Southerners
42
Growing difference between North and South (What)
Slavery
43
Growing difference between North and South (When)
Mid 1800s
44
Growing difference between North and South (Where)
Slavery in South
45
Growing difference between North and South (Why)
Led to increased sectionalism and set the stage for the Civil War
46
Peculiar institution (Who)
Southerners used this term
47
Peculiar institution (What)
Euphemism for slavery
48
Peculiar institution (When)
Mid 1800s
49
Peculiar institution (Where)
South US
50
Peculiar institution (Why)
Demonstrated extreme controversy over slavery
51
Erie Canal (Who)
Dewitt Clinton (large proponent)
52
Erie Canal (What)
Transportation system
53
Erie Canal (When)
1825
54
Erie Canal (Where)
Albany to Buffalo
55
Erie Canal (Why)
NY center of commerce
Faster
Cheaper
56
Robert Fulton (Who)
Engineer and inventor
57
Robert Fulton (What)
Developed first commercially successful steamboat
58
Robert Fulton (When)
1807
59
Robert Fulton (Where)
US
60
Robert Fulton (Why)
Goods could now go upstream
61
Era of Good Feelings (Who)
Monroe presidency
62
Era of Good Feelings (What)
Period that reflected a sense of national purpose and a desire for unity
63
Era of Good Feelings (When)
1816-1825
64
Era of Good Feelings (Where)
US
65
Era of Good Feelings (Why)
There were still significant internal divisions
66
Missouri Compromise (Who)
Northern and Southern states
67
Missouri Compromise (What)
Deciding whether MO and Maine would be slave or free states
68
Missouri Compromise (When)
1819
69
Missouri Compromise (Where)
MO and Maine
70
Missouri Compromise (Why)
Provided a happy resolution of a danger to the US
| Reveals strong undercurrent of sectionalism
71
John Marshall (Who)
Chief justice of Supreme Court
72
John Marshall (What)
Issued numerous landmark decisions
73
John Marshall (When)
1801-1835
74
John Marshall (Where)
US
75
John Marshall (Why)
Strengthen judicial branch
Increased power of federal gov at expense of state gov
76
Judicial Review (Who)
John Marshall
77
Judicial Review (What)
Legislative and executive actions are subject to review and possible invalidation by the judiciary -- establish in Marbury vs. Madison
78
Judicial Review (When)
1803
79
Judicial Review (Why)
Gave judiciary power
80
McCulloch vs. MD (Who)
John Marshall
81
McCulloch vs. MD (What)
MD put a tax on banc b/c wanted people to use state bank
82
McCulloch vs. MD (When)
1819
83
McCulloch vs. MD (Where)
MD
84
McCulloch vs. MD (Why)
Marshall confirmed implied powers of Congress
Upheld National Bank
More power to federal gov
85
Dartmouth vs Woodward (Who)
John Marshall
86
Dartmouth vs Woodward (What)
NH Republicans tried to revise Dartmouth College's charted to convert the private college into a state university
87
Dartmouth vs Woodward (When)
1819
88
Dartmouth vs Woodward (Where)
NH
89
Dartmouth vs Woodward (Why)
Decision uphelp contract
| States loose power and federal gov gains power
90
Gibbons vs Odgen (Who)
John Marshall
91
Gibbons vs Odgen (What)
Dispute over boat monopoly from NY to NJ
92
Gibbons vs Odgen (When)
1824
93
Gibbons vs Odgen (Where)
US
94
Gibbons vs Odgen (Why)
Affirmed congressional power over interstate commerce
Could apply to slaves
95
Panic of 1819 (Who)
Americans
96
Panic of 1819 (What)
Economic crisis
97
Panic of 1819 (When)
1819
98
Panic of 1819 (Where)
US
99
Panic of 1819 (Why)
First great economic crisis
Led to a six year economic depression
100
Monroe Doctrine (Who)
James Monroe
101
Monroe Doctrine (What)
US considers any foreign challenge to sovereignty of existing US nations unfriendly
Policy of non involvement
102
Monroe Doctrine (When)
1823
103
Monroe Doctrine (Where)
US to other countries
104
Monroe Doctrine (Why)
Express nationalism
Established idea of US as a dominant power
105
Tallmadge Amendment (Who)
James Tallmadge
106
Tallmadge Amendment (What)
Proposed amendment for gradual emancipation of slaves in MO -- shot down in Sentate
107
Tallmadge Amendment (When)
1819
108
Tallmadge Amendment (Where)
MO
109
Tallmadge Amendment (Why)
Demonstrated rampant sectionalism within gov
110
Nat Turner (Who)
African American slave
111
Nat Turner (What)
Led a slave rebellion
112
Nat Turner (When)
1831
113
Nat Turner (Where)
VA
114
Nat Turner (Why)
VA passed later laws restricting rights of slaves
Inspired fear in slave owners
115
Samuel Slater (Who)
English American industrialist
116
Samuel Slater (What)
Brought British textile technology into US
117
Samuel Slater (When)
1793
118
Samuel Slater (Where)
British to US
119
Samuel Slater (Why)
Founded textile industry in US
120
Lowell Mills Factory (Who)
Worked by "factory girls"
121
Lowell Mills Factory (What)
Cotton textile mills
122
Lowell Mills Factory (When)
1813
123
Lowell Mills Factory (Where)
MA
124
Lowell Mills Factory (What)
Allowed women to work
Eliminated need for cottage industries
125
Adam Onis Treaty (Who)
Negotiated by John Quincy Adams
126
Adam Onis Treaty (What)
Spain ceded all of FL to US and gave up its claim to territory north of 42 parallen
US gave TX
127
Adam Onis Treaty (When)
1819
128
Adam Onis Treaty (Where)
FL, TX
129
Adam Onis Treaty (Why)
Defined western limits of LA purchase
130
Daniel Webster (Who)
Senator and lawyer
131
Daniel Webster (What)
Argued Dartmouth vs Woodward
132
Daniel Webster (When)
1819
133
Daniel Webster (Where)
NH
134
Daniel Webster (Why)
Decision uphelp contract
| States loose power and federal gov gains power
