Ch. 8 Joints (E2)

Question 1

Point of contact between bones, cartilage, and bones or between the teeth and bones.

Answer 1

What is a joint/articulation?

Question 2

What are the 3 structural classifications of a joint?

Answer 2

1) Fibrous
2) Cartilaginous
3) Synovial

Question 3

This joint has no cavity and is held together by connective tissue.

Answer 3

What is fibrous?

Question 4

This joint has no cavity and is held together by cartilage.

Answer 4

What is cartilaginous?

Question 5

This joint is a cavity surrounded by an articular capsule.

Answer 5

What is synovial?

Question 6

Synarthroses are { } joints.

Answer 6

Immovable

Question 7

What are the 3 types of synarthroses?

Answer 7

1) Suture (seam)
2) Gomphosis (bolt together)
3) Synchondrosis

Question 8

An example of a suture is the thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue that units the { } bones.

Answer 8

Skull

Question 9

In what 2 ways do a suture’s interlocking edges help the skull?

Answer 9

1) Increase strength
2) Decrease risk of fractures

Question 10

This suture is situated between the frontal and parietal bones.

Answer 10

What is coronal?

Question 11

The gomphosis is a fibrous joint, similar to a { } in a socket.

Answer 11

Peg

Question 12

Give an example of a gomphosis.

Answer 12

The roots of the teeth in the sockets of the alveolar processes.

Question 13

The synchondrosis is the only synarthrosis connected by { } cartilage.

Answer 13

Hyaline

Question 14

Give an example of a synchondrosis.

Answer 14

Epiphyseal plate

Question 15

Amphiarthroses are { } movable joints.

Answer 15

Slightly

Question 16

A syndesmosis is an amphiarthrosis that is similar to a { } but has more { } connective tissue so that it is not as { }.

Answer 16

1) Suture
2) Fibrous
3) Tight

Question 17

Give an example of a syndesmosis.

Answer 17

Distal articulation between the tibia and fibula.

Question 18

A symphysis is a joint connected by a broad, flat { } disc.

Answer 18

Fibrocartilage

Question 19

Give 2 examples of a symphysis.

Answer 19

1) Intervertebral discs
2) Pubic symphysis

Question 20

Synathroses, also called { } joints, are { } movable.

Answer 20

1) Synovial
2) Freely

Question 21

Space that separates articulating bones.

Answer 21

What is the synovial cavity?

Question 22

Hyaline cartilage that covers the surface of an articulation (epiphysis) to reduce friction.

Answer 22

What is articular cartilage?

Question 23

Sleeve that encloses the synovial cavity and unites bones.

Answer 23

What is the articular capsule?

Question 24

Name the 2 layers of the articular capsule and what makes them distinct.

Answer 24

1) Outer - fibrous tissue
2) Inner - synovial membrane (makes synovial fluid)

Question 25

These provide extra strength inside and outside the capsule.

Answer 25

What are accessory ligaments?

Question 26

Pads of fibrocartilage shaped to fit between bone surfaces.

Answer 26

What are articular discs/menisci?

Question 27

Fluid-filled sacs inside the synovial cavity to reduce high friction stress points.

Answer 27

What are bursae?

Question 28

This type of joint goes side to side.

Answer 28

What is plane/gliding?

Question 29

This type of joint swings back and forth like a door.

Answer 29

What is hinge?

Question 30

This joint is a rounded surface within a ring formed by another bone and the adjoining ligament.

Answer 30

What is pivot?

Question 31

This joint is an oval condyle in a cavity.

Answer 31

What is condyloid/ellipsoid?

Question 32

This joint is very similar to legs on a saddle.

Answer 32

What is saddle?

Question 33

This joint is very similar to a ball in a cup.

Answer 33

What is ball-and-socket?

Question 34

"Microscopic" surgery using small incisions and minimal cutting.

Answer 34

What is arthroscopy?

Question 35

Joint replacement.

Answer 35

What is arthroplasty?

Question 36

Knee injuries, such as ACL and meniscal tears, require the use of...

Answer 36

Surgical grafts

Question 37

A displaced bone due to the tearing of ligaments, tendons, or articular capsules.

Answer 37

What is dislocation?

Question 38

A circumduction-related injury seen in baseball pitchers, causing damage to the muscles and tendons of the glenohumeral joint.

Answer 38

What is a rotator cuff tear?

Question 39

Degenerative, bone-on-bone inflammation, swelling, and pain.

Answer 39

What is osteoarthritis?

Question 40

An autoimmune disorder where the synovial joint's soft tissues get replaced with bone and fuse together.

Answer 40

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Question 41

The acute or chronic inflammation of bursae due to high friction, causing swelling and pain.

Answer 41

What is bursitis?

Question 42

What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?

Answer 42

Sprain - ligament tear Strain - muscle tear