Ch 9-11 Flashcards
(49 cards)
Intelligence
The ability to think, to learn from experience, to solve problems, and to adapt to new situations
What is the g-factor in intelligence research
General
Fluid intelligence
The capacity to learn new ways of solving problems and performing activities
Crystallized intelligence
Accumulated knowledge of the world we have acquired throughout our lives
Interpersonal intelligence
The capacity to understand the emotions, intentions, motivations, and desires of other people
Intrapersonal intelligence
The capacity to understand oneself, including one’s emotions
Reliability in testing
Means they are consistent over time
Validity in testing
Means that they actually measure intelligence not something else
The Flynn effect
The observation that scores on intelligence tests worldwide have increased substantially over the past decades
What does research in sex differences in intelligence say about variability in IQ scores?
The actual IQ distribution in men is more spread out than in women
What does the research say about sex differences in intelligence in terms of specific abilities?
The average difference between men and women is small compared to the average differences within each sex
Stereotype threat
A reduction in performance that is caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes
How did twin studies contribute to our knowledge about heritability of IQ?
The IQs of identical twins correlate higher than those of fraternal twins showing a genetic component in IQ
Emotional regulation
The ability to control and productively use one’s emotions
What does emotional regulation predict?
People who are better able to override their impulses to seek immediate gratification and who are less impulsive also have higher cognitive and social intelligence
Overextension in language development
The use of a given word in a broader context than appropriate. E.G. All men are “daddy” or all animals are “doggy”
Components of chomsky’s nature approach to language and supported or not
Human brains contain a language acquisition device (supported by research) that includes a universal grammar (not supported) that underlies all human language
Linguistic relativity hypothesis
The idea that language and its structures influence and limit human thought
Motivation
A driving force that indicates and directs behavior
Homeostasis
The natural state of the body’s systems, with goals, drives, and arousal imbalance
Two dimensions used to graphically represent emotions
Arousal (high to low) and valence (pleasant to unpleasant)
Basic emotions
Anger, discussed, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise
Secondary emotions and two ways they differ from basic emotions
The larger more complex emotions that are determined by level of arousal and by their valence
Daily hassles and how they affect stress and health
Our everyday interactions with the environment that are essentially negative. If they pile up they can lower the immune system
