Ch1 Carbohydrates

Question 1

Polymer

Answer 1

long chain molecule made of bonded monomer sub-units

Question 2

Condensation reaction

Answer 2

a molecule of water is produced every time a sub-unit attaches to a polymer

Question 3

2 condensation reactions

Answer 3

1. amino acids -> polypeptide
2. glucose -> starch

Question 4

Hydrolysis

Answer 4

1. H2O molecule
2. breaks the bonds between monomers

Question 5

Carbohydrate

Answer 5

1. Molecule of carbon+ hydrogen & oxygen in 2:1 ratio
2. General formula CnH2nOn

Question 6

alpha glucose

Answer 6

H on top
OH on bottom

Question 7

beta glucose

Answer 7

H and OH on top
HO and H on bottom

Question 8

3 Monosaccharides

Answer 8

1. Glucose
2. Fructose
3. Galactose

Question 9

Glucose+ Glucose

Answer 9

maltose

Question 10

Glucose + Fructose

Answer 10

sucrose

Question 11

Glucose + galactose

Answer 11

lactose

Question 12

Poly/Disaccharide bonds

Answer 12

1. condensation reaction
2. H2O molecule removed
3. glycosidic bonds between monosaccharides

Question 13

Reducing sugar

Answer 13

1. monosaccharide that can donate electrons
2. have carbonyl group

Question 14

Test for Reducing sugar

Answer 14

1. Add Benedict’s reagent
2. Heat for 5 minutes
3. Colour change from blue to red/orange-brown precipitate

Question 15

Polysaccharides

Answer 15

-Large
-Insoluble
-Suitable for storage

Question 16

Test for non-reducing sugars

Answer 16

1. Add acid
2. Heat (hydrolyses glycosidic bonds)
3. Add sodium hydrogen carbonate to neutralise solution
4. Add Benedicts reagent
5. Heat 5 minutes
6. Colour change from blue to red/orange-brown precipitate