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AP GOV > Ch.1 The Democratic Republic > Flashcards

Ch.1 The Democratic Republic Flashcards

1
Q

An ongoing organization that performs certain functions for society

A

Institution

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2
Q

The preeminent institution within a society. Has the ultimate authority to decide how conflicts will be resolved and how benefits and privileges will be allocated.

A

Government

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3
Q

A state of peace and security. Maintaining order by protecting members of society from violence and criminal activity is the oldest purpose of government.

A

Order

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4
Q

The greatest freedom of the individual that is consistent with the freedom of other individuals in the society.

A

Liberty

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5
Q

The right and power of a government or other entity to enforce its decisions and compel obedience.

A

Authority

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6
Q

Popular acceptance of the right and power of a government or other entity to exercise authority

A

Legitimacy

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7
Q

A form of government that controls all aspects of the political, social, and economic life of a nation

A

Totalitarian Regime

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8
Q

A type of regime in which only the government itself is fully controlled by the ruler. Social and economic institutions exist that are not under the government’s control.

A

Authoritarianism

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9
Q

Rule by the “best.” In reality, rule by an upper class.

A

Aristocracy

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10
Q

Literally, rule by God or the gods. In practice, rule by religious leaders, typically self-appointed.

A

Theocracy

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11
Q

Rule by a few

A

Oligarchy

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12
Q

A system of government in which political authority is vested in the people.

A

Democracy

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13
Q

A system of government in which political decisions are made by the people directly, rather than by their elected representatives.

A

Direct Democracy

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14
Q

The struggle over power or influence within organizations or informal groups that can grant or withhold benefits or priveleges

A

Politics

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15
Q

A governmental body primarily responsible for making the laws

A

Legislature

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16
Q

A procedure by which voters can propose a law or a constitutional amendment

A

Initiative

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17
Q

An electoral device whereby legislative or constitutional measures are referred by the legislature to the voters for approval and disapproval

A

Referendum

18
Q

A procedure allowing the people to vote to dismiss an elected official from office before his or her term has expired

A

Recall

19
Q

The idea that governments and laws derive their legitimacy from the consent of the governed

A

Consent of the People

20
Q

A form of government in which sovereign power rests with the people, rather than with a king or monarch

A

Republic

21
Q

The concept that ultimate political authority is based on the will of the people

A

Popular Sovereignty

22
Q

A republic in which representatives elected by the people make and enforce laws and policies

A

Democratic Republic

23
Q

A form of government in which representatives elected by the people make and enforce laws and policies, but in which the monarchy may be retained in a ceremonial role

A

Representative Democracy

24
Q

The right of all adults to vote for their representatives

A

Universal Suffrage

25
Q

More than 50%

A

Majority

26
Q

A basic principle of democracy asserting that the greatest number of citizens in any political unit should select officials and determine policies

A

Majority Rule

27
Q

A government with powers that are limited either through a written document or through widely shared beliefs

A

Limited Government

28
Q

A political theory holding that in a democracy, the government ought to do what the majority of the people want

A

Majoritarianism

29
Q

The argument that society is ruled by a small number of people who exercise power to further their self-interest

A

Elite Theory

30
Q

A theory that views politics as a conflict among interest groups. Political decision making is characterized by bargaining and compromise.

A

Pluralism

31
Q

The patterned set of ideas, values, and ways of thinking about government and politics that characterizes a people.

A

Political Culture

32
Q

The process by which people acquire political beliefs and values

A

Political Socialization

33
Q

Those personal freedoms, including freedom of religion and speech, that are protected for all individuals in a society.

A

Civil Liberties

34
Q

The first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitution

A

Bill of Rights

35
Q

As a political value, the idea that all people are of equal worth.

A

Equality

36
Q

Anything that is or may be subject to ownership. As conceived by the political philosopher John Locke, the right to property is a natural right superior to human law (laws made by government).

A

Property

37
Q

An economic system characterized by the private ownership of wealth-creating assets, free markets, and freedom of contract.

A

Capitalism

38
Q

A comprehensive set of beliefs about the nature of people and the role of government

A

Political Ideology

39
Q

A set of beliefs that includes advocacy of a limited role for the national government in helping individuals, support for traditional values and lifestyles, and a cautious response to change.

A

Conservatism

40
Q

A set of beliefs that includes advocacy of positive government action to improve the welfare of individuals, support for civil rights, and tolerance for political and social change.

A

Liberalism

41
Q

A political ideology based on strong support for economic and social equality. Traditionally envisioned a society in which major businesses were taken over by the government or by employee cooperatives.

A

Socialism

42
Q

A political ideology based on skepticism or opposition toward most government activities

A

Libertarianism

AP GOV (16 decks)

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