Ch.10

Question 1

What cytoplasmic extensions, together with the cell body, provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons?

Answer 1

dendrites

Question 2

Dendrite function

Answer 2

receives input of communication from other neurons

Question 3

Axon function

Answer 3

carry nerve impulse away from cell body

Question 4

One function of the nervous system

Answer 4

controls movement of muscle

Question 5

The oculomotor nerve is a cranial nerve containing nerve fibers that innate eye muscles and control eye movement. These fibers are examples of..

Answer 5

motor neurons

Question 6

What is the function of sensory receptors

Answer 6

detect changes in and outside the body

Question 7

Three general functions of the nervous system

Answer 7

sensory input, integration and processing, motor output

Question 8

How many axons and/or dendrites can a neuron have?

Answer 8

1 axon and many dendrites

Question 9

Every neuron has which of the following components

Answer 9

cell body, 1 or more dendrites, axon

Question 10

What is. myelin

Answer 10

layers of lipid and protein that wrap around axon

Question 11

A myelinated nerve fiber is ____, whereas as unmyelinated nerve fiber is _____

Answer 11

white, grayM

Question 12

Myelin is rich in

Answer 12

lipids

Question 13

In Guilian-Barre syndrome, the immune system attacks and degrades the myelin sheath of PNS axons. Predict the effect this will have on nerve impulse and motor function

Answer 13

lose solitary conduction resulting in poor muscle function

Question 14

Which cells produce myelin in the brain and spinal cord?

Answer 14

ologodendrocytes

Question 15

What is a reason the axons in the CNS and PNS differ in their ability to regenerate after injury?

Answer 15

axons in the CNS lack neurilemmae

Question 16

Most of the neurons in the brain and spinal cord are ____

Answer 16

multipolar

Question 17

In order for a severed peripheral nerve to regenerate and recover its original function, nerve fibers must sprout and enter tubes formed by what?

Answer 17

Schwann cells

Question 18

Dendrites of unipolar neurons are parts of what type of neuron

Answer 18

sensory neurons

Question 19

Clusters of neuron cell bodies in the PNS are called

Answer 19

ganglia

Question 20

Which neuroglia are not part of the CNS

Answer 20

satellite cells

Question 21

Synaptic knobs are at the ends of

Answer 21

axons

Question 22

A test organism develops a genetic mutation that causes neurons to develop without synaptic knobs. How will this impact neuronal function?

Answer 22

no neurotransmitters storedPr

Question 23

synaptic neurons release neurotransmitters by the process of

Answer 23

exocytosisW

Question 24

hen an action potential passes over the surface of a synaptic knob, the contents of the vesicles within the synaptic knob are release in response to the presence of ____

Answer 24

calcium ions

Question 25

How is an impulese transmitted from one neuron to another?

Answer 25

Impulse, presynaptic axon release neurons in cleft

Question 26

How are action potentials related to. impulses conducted along the length of an axon?

Answer 26

propagation of series of action potentials along nerve fiber

Question 27

If a neuron is stimulated causing changes in the membrane potential to the point where voltage-gated Na channels open and begin depolarizing the cell, the neuron is said to have reached _______

Answer 27

threshold

Question 28

Saltatory conduction is faster than conduction on

Answer 28

unmyelinated fiber

Question 29

The most rapid conduction of an impulse along an axon occurs on a fiber that is _______

Answer 29

thick and myelinated

Question 30

The resting cell membrane is more permeable to which ion

Answer 30

potassium

Question 31

If a resting potential becomes more negative, the membrane is said to be______

Answer 31

hyperpolarized

Question 32

What is the correct sequence of events that occur along an axon after membrane reaches threshold?

Answer 32

Sodium channels open, membrane depolarizes, potassium channels open, membrane repolarizes

Question 33

How does a neuron cell membrane become depolarized

Answer 33

Sodium ion channels being open and diffusing into the cell

Question 34

Roughly how long does an excitatory postsynaptic potential last

Answer 34

15 miliseconds

Question 35

Each neuron in the CNS may receive input from which structure

Answer 35

axons

Question 36

When is an action potential triggered

Answer 36

SPSP exceeds IPSP

Question 37

The neurotransmitter that controls skeletal muscle contraction is

Answer 37

acetylcholine

Question 38

Which neurotransmitters are modified amino acids

Answer 38

dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine

Question 39

A drug that increases the action of serotonin by keeping serotonin in the synapse longer is most likely used to treat which disorder

Answer 39

clinical depression

Question 40

What occurs during reputake

Answer 40

neurotransmitter taken back into presynaptic neuron

Question 41

What types of neurons are organized into neuronal pools

Answer 41

interneuronsWha

Question 42

t is convergence

Answer 42

axons from neurons in different parts of nervous system contacting same neuron

Question 43

How do diverging axons amplify an inpulse

Answer 43

contacting many neurons (stimulating)

Question 44

What disorder involving an immune response that affects the myelin coating on axons throughout the spinal cord and brain, triggering inflammation and leaving scars

Answer 44

multiple sclerosis

Question 45

Why do opiate drugs derived from poppies relieve pain in humans

Answer 45

receptors for endogenous opiates

Question 46

What neurotransmitter is most likely released when a person uses a drug that creates a sense of well being

Answer 46

dopamine

Question 47

What structural type of neuron has a single process that extends from the cell body

Answer 47

unipolar

Question 48

Axon branches are called

Answer 48

collaterals

Question 49

Myelin is composed of

Answer 49

protein

Question 50

Two major cell types found in nervous tissue

Answer 50

neurons and neuroglia